1 Objectives
1.1 The purpose of this appendix is to provide Parties with the criteria
and procedures for formulating and submitting proposals for the designation of emission
control areas and to set forth the factors to be considered in the assessment of such
proposals by the Organization.
1.2 Emissions of NOx, SOx and particulate matter from
ocean-going ships contribute to ambient concentrations of air pollution in cities and
coastal areas around the world. Adverse public health and environmental effects
associated with air pollution include premature mortality, cardiopulmonary disease, lung
cancer, chronic respiratory ailments, acidification and eutrophication.
1.3 An emission control area should be considered for adoption by the
Organization if supported by a demonstrated need to prevent, reduce and control
emissions of NOx or SOx and particulate matter or all three types
of emissions (hereinafter emissions) from ships.
2 Process for the designation of emission control areas
2.1 A proposal to the Organization for the designation of an emission
control area for NOx or SOx and particulate matter or all three
types of emissions may be submitted only by Parties. Where two or more Parties have a
common interest in a particular area, they should formulate a coordinated proposal.
2.2 A proposal to designate a given area as an emission control area should
be submitted to the Organization in accordance with the rules and procedures established
by the Organization.
3 Criteria for designation of an emission control area
3.1 The proposal shall include:
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.1 a clear delineation of the proposed area of application, along
with a reference chart on which the area is marked;
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.2 the type or types of emission(s) that is or are being proposed for
control (i.e. NOx or SOx and particulate matter or all three
types of emissions);
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.3 a description of the human populations and environmental areas at
risk from the impacts of ship emissions;
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.4 an assessment that emissions from ships operating in the proposed
area of application are contributing to ambient concentrations of air pollution or
to adverse environmental impacts. Such assessment shall include a description of
the impacts of the relevant emissions on human health and the environment, such as
adverse impacts on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, areas of natural
productivity, critical habitats, water quality, human health, and areas of
cultural and scientific significance, if applicable. The sources of relevant data
including methodologies used shall be identified;
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.5 relevant information, pertaining to the meteorological conditions
in the proposed area of application, to the human populations and environmental
areas at risk, in particular prevailing wind patterns, or to topographical,
geological, oceanographic, morphological or other conditions that contribute to
ambient concentrations of air pollution or adverse environmental impacts;
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.6 the nature of the ship traffic in the proposed emission control
area, including the patterns and density of such traffic;
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.7 a description of the control measures taken by the proposing Party
or Parties addressing land-based sources of NOx, SOx and
particulate matter emissions affecting the human populations and environmental
areas at risk that are in place and operating concurrently with the consideration
of measures to be adopted in relation to provisions of regulations 13 and
14 of
Annex VI; and
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.8 the relative costs of reducing emissions from ships when compared
with land-based controls, and the economic impacts on shipping engaged in
international trade.
3.2 The geographical limits of an emission control area will be based on
the relevant criteria outlined above, including emissions and deposition from ships
navigating in the proposed area, traffic patterns and density, and wind conditions.
4 Procedures for the assessment and adoption of emission control areas
by the Organization
4.1 The Organization shall consider each proposal submitted to it by a
Party or Parties.
4.2 In assessing the proposal, the Organization shall take into account the
criteria that are to be included in each proposal for adoption as set forth in section 3
above.
4.3 An emission control area shall be designated by means of an amendment
to this Annex, considered, adopted and brought into force in accordance with article 16
of the present Convention.
5 Operation of emission control areas
5.1 Parties that have ships navigating in the area are encouraged to bring
to the Organization any concerns regarding the operation of the area.