3.2 In arrangements where the total air pipe sectional
area is less than 10 per cent of the cross-flooding sectional area,
the restrictive effect of air back pressure should be considered in
the cross-flooding calculations. The following method may be used
for this purpose:
where:
-
kw = k coefficient for the cross-flooding arrangement
(water)
-
ka = k coefficient for the air pipe
-
ρa= air density
-
ρw = water density
-
Sw = cross-section area of the cross-flooding
device (water)
-
Sa = cross-section of air pipe