2.1 Water taken up as ships' ballast can contain
solid alluvial matter that, once the water is becalmed in a ship's
ballast tank, will settle out onto the bottom of the tank and other
internal structures.
2.2 Aquatic organisms can also settle out of the
ballast water and can continue to exist within the sediment. These
organisms can survive for long periods after the water they were originally
in has been discharged. They may thereby be transported from their
natural habitat and discharged in another port or area where they
may cause injury or damage to the environment, human health, property
and resources.
2.3
Regulation B-5.1 of
the Convention requires that all ships remove and dispose of sediments
from spaces designated to carry ballast water in accordance with the
Ballast Water Management Plans. These Guidelines are to assist ship
designers, shipbuilders, owners and operators to design ships to minimize
the retention of sediment. Guidance on the management of sediment
is contained in the Guidelines for ballast water management and development
of ballast water management plans (G4).