CHAPTER 1 – GENERAL
1.1 Structure of this part
Each chapter in this part consists of the overall goal of the chapter,
functional requirements to fulfil the goal, and regulations. A ship shall be
considered to meet a functional requirement set out in this part when either:
- .1 the ship's design and
arrangements comply with all the regulations associated with that functional
requirement; or
- .2 part(s) or all of the ship's
relevant design and arrangements have been reviewed and approved in
accordance with regulation 4 of SOLAS chapter XIV, and any remaining parts
of the ship comply with the relevant regulations.
1.2 Definitions
In addition to the definitions included in the relevant SOLAS chapters
and the introduction of this Code, the following definitions are applicable to this
part.
1.2.1
Bergy waters mean an area of freely navigable water in which ice of land
origin is present in concentrations less than 1/10. There may be sea ice
present, although the total concentration of all ice shall not exceed 1/10.
1.2.2
Escort means any ship with superior ice capability in transit with another
ship.
1.2.3
Escorted operation means any operation in which a ship's movement is
facilitated through the intervention of an escort.
1.2.4
Habitable environment means a ventilated environment that will protect
against hypothermia.
1.2.5
Icebreaker means any ship whose operational profile may include escort or
ice management functions, whose powering and dimensions allow it to undertake
aggressive operations in ice-covered waters.
1.2.6
Ice Class means the notation assigned to the ship by the Administration or by
an organization recognized by the Administration showing that the ship has been
designed for navigation in sea-ice conditions.
1.2.7
Maximum expected time of rescue means the time adopted for the design of
equipment and system that provide survival support. It shall never be less than 5
days.
1.2.8
Machinery Installations means equipment and machinery and its associated
piping and cabling, which is necessary for the safe operation of the ship.
1.2.9
Mean Daily Low Temperature (MDLT) means the mean value of the daily low
temperature for each day of the year over a minimum 10 year period. A data set
acceptable to the Administration may be used if 10 years of data is not
available.footnote
1.2.10
Polar Class (PC) means the ice class assigned to the ship by the
Administration or by an organization recognized by the Administration based upon
IACS Unified Requirements.
1.2.11
Polar Service Temperature (PST) means a temperature specified for a ship
which is intended to operate in low air temperature, which shall be set at least
10°C below the lowest MDLT for the intended area and season of operation in polar
waters.
1.2.12
Ship intended to operate in low air temperature means a ship which is
intended to undertake voyages to or through areas where the lowest Mean Daily Low
Temperature (MDLT) is below -10°C.
1.2.13
Tankers mean oil tankers as defined in SOLAS regulation II-1/2.22, chemical
tankers as defined in SOLAS regulation II-1/3.19 and gas carriers as defined in
SOLAS regulation VII/11.2.
1.2.14
Upper ice waterline means the waterline defined by the maximum draughts
forward and aft for operation in ice.
1.3
Certificate and survey
1.3.1 Every ship to which this part applies
shall have on board a valid Polar Ship Certificate.
1.3.2 Except as
provided for in paragraph 1.3.3, the Polar Ship Certificate shall be issued after an
initial or renewal survey to a ship which complies with the relevant requirements of
this Code.
1.3.3 For category C cargo ships, if the result of the
assessment in paragraph 1.5 is that no additional equipment or structural
modification is required to comply with the Polar Code, the Polar Ship Certificate
may be issued based upon documented verification that the ship complies with all
relevant requirements of the Polar Code. In this case, for continued validity of the
certificate, an onboard survey should be undertaken at the next scheduled
survey.
1.3.4 The certificate referred to in this
regulation shall be issued either by the Administration or by any person or
organization recognized by it in accordance with SOLAS regulation XI-1/1. In every
case, that Administration assumes full responsibility for the certificate.
1.3.5 The Polar Ship Certificate shall be
drawn up in the form corresponding to the model given in appendix 1 to this Code. If
the language used is neither English, nor French nor Spanish, the text shall include
a translation into one of these languages.
1.3.6 Polar Ship Certificate validity,
survey dates and endorsements shall be harmonized with the relevant SOLAS
certificates in accordance with the provisions of regulation I/14 of the SOLAS
Convention. The certificate shall include a supplement recording equipment required
by the Code.
1.3.7 Where applicable, the certificate
shall reference a methodology to assess operational capabilities and limitations in
ice to the satisfaction of the Administration, taking into account the guidelines
developed by the Organizationfootnote
1.4 Performance standards
1.4.1 Unless expressly provided otherwise,
ship systems and equipment addressed in this Code shall satisfy at least the same
performance standards referred to in SOLAS
1.4.2 For ships operating in low air
temperature, a polar service temperature (PST) shall be specified and shall be at
least 10°C below the lowest MDLT for the intended area and season of operation in
polar waters. Systems and equipment required by this Code shall be fully functional
at the polar service temperature.
1.4.3 For ships operating in low air
temperature, survival systems and equipment shall be fully operational at the polar
service temperature during the maximum expected rescue time.
1.5
Operational assessment
In order to establish procedures or operational limitations, an
assessment of the ship and its equipment shall be carried out, taking into
consideration the following:
- .1 the anticipated range of
operating and environmental conditions, such as:
- .1 operation in low air
temperature;
- .2 operation in ice;
- .3 operation in high
latitude; and
- .4 potential for
abandonment onto ice or land;
- .2 hazards, as listed in section 3
of the Introduction, as applicable; and
- .3 additional hazards, if
identified.
CHAPTER 2 – POLAR WATER OPERATIONAL MANUAL (PWOM)
2.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to provide the owner, operator, master and
crew with sufficient information regarding the ship's operational capabilities and
limitations in order to support their decision-making process.
2.2 Functional
requirements
2.2.1 In order to achieve the goal set out
in paragraph 2.1 above, the following functional requirements are embodied in the
regulations of this chapter.
2.2.2 The Manual shall include information
on the ship-specific capabilities and limitations in relation to the assessment
required under paragraph 1.5.
2.2.3 The Manual shall include or refer to
specific procedures to be followed in normal operations and in order to avoid
encountering conditions that exceed the ship's capabilities.
2.2.4 The Manual shall include or refer to
specific procedures to be followed in the event of incidents in polar waters.
2.2.5 The Manual shall include or refer to
specific procedures to be followed in the event that conditions are encountered
which exceed the ship's specific capabilities and limitations in paragraph
2.2.2.
2.2.6 The Manual shall include or refer to
procedures to be followed when using icebreaker assistance, as applicable.
2.3
Regulations
2.3.1 In order to comply with the functional
requirements of paragraphs 2.2.1 to 2.2.6, the Manual shall be carried on board.
2.3.2 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 2.2.2, the Manual shall contain, where
applicable, the methodology used to determine capabilities and limitations in
ice.
2.3.3 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 2.2.3, the Manual shall include risk-based
procedures for the following:
- .1 voyage planning to avoid ice
and/or temperatures that exceed the ship's design capabilities or
limitations;
- .2 arrangements for receiving
forecasts of the environmental conditions;
- .3 means of addressing any
limitations of the hydrographic, meteorological and navigational information
available;
- .4 operation of equipment required
under other chapters of this Code; and
- .5 implementation of special
measures to maintain equipment and system functionality under low
temperatures, topside icing and the presence of sea ice, as applicable.
2.3.4 In order to comply with the functional
requirements of paragraph 2.2.4, the Manual shall include risk-based procedures to
be followed for:
- .1 contacting emergency response
providers for salvage, search and rescue (SAR), spill response, etc., as
applicable; and
- .2 in the case of ships ice
strengthened in accordance with chapter 3, procedures for maintaining life
support and ship integrity in the event of prolonged entrapment by ice.
2.3.5 In order to comply with the functional
requirements of paragraph 2.2.5, the Manual shall include risk-based procedures to
be followed for measures to be taken in the event of encountering ice and/or
temperatures which exceed the ship's design capabilities or limitations.
2.3.6 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 2.2.6, the Manual shall include risk-based
procedures for monitoring and maintaining safety during operations in ice, as
applicable, including any requirements for escort operations or icebreaker
assistance. Different operational limitations may apply depending on whether the
ship is operating independently or with icebreaker escort. Where appropriate, the
PWOM should specify both options.
CHAPTER 3 – SHIP STRUCTURE
3.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to provide that the material and scantlings
of the structure retain their structural integrity based on global and local
response due to environmental loads and conditions.
3.2
Functional requirements
In order to achieve the goal set out in paragraph 3.1 above, the
following functional requirements are embodied in the regulations of this
chapter:
- .1 for ships intended to operate in
low air temperature, materials used shall be suitable for operation at the
ships polar service temperature; and
- .2 in ice strengthened ships, the
structure of the ship shall be designed to resist both global and local
structural loads anticipated under the foreseen ice conditions.
3.3
Regulations
3.3.1 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 3.2.1 above, materials of exposed structures in
ships shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized organization accepted
by it, taking into account standards acceptable to the Organizationfootnote or other standards offering an equivalent level of safety based
on the polar service temperature.
3.3.2 In order to comply with the functional
requirements of paragraph 3.2.2 above, the following apply:
- .1 scantlings of category A ships
shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized organization
accepted by it, taking into account standards acceptable to the
Organizationfootnote or other standards offering an
equivalent level of safety;
- .2 scantlings of category B ships
shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized organization
accepted by it, taking into account standards acceptable to the
Organizationfootnote or other standards offering an
equivalent level of safety;
- .3 scantlings of ice strengthened
category C ships shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized
organization accepted by it, taking into account acceptable standards
adequate for the ice types and concentrations encountered in the area of
operation; and
- .4 a category C ship need not be
ice strengthened if, in the opinion of the Administration, the ship's
structure is adequate for its intended operation.
CHAPTER 4 – SUBDIVISION AND STABILITY
4.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to ensure adequate subdivision and stability
in both intact and damaged conditions.
4.2
Functional requirements
In order to achieve the goal set out in paragraph 4.1 above, the
following functional requirements are embodied in the regulations of this
chapter:
- .1 ships shall have sufficient
stability in intact conditions when subject to ice accretion; and
- .2 ships of category A and B,
constructed on or after 1 January 2017, shall have sufficient residual
stability to sustain ice-related damages.
4.3
Regulations
4.3.1
Stability in intact conditions
4.3.1.1 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 4.2.1, for ships operating in areas and during
periods where ice accretion is likely to occur, the following icing allowance shall
be made in the stability calculations:
- .1 30 kg/m2 on exposed
weather decks and gangways;
- .2 7.5 kg/m2 for the
projected lateral area of each side of the ship above the water plane;
and
- .3 the projected lateral area of
discontinuous surfaces of rail, sundry booms, spars (except masts) and
rigging of ships having no sails and the projected lateral area of other
small objects shall be computed by increasing the total projected area of
continuous surfaces by 5% and the static moments of this area by 10%.
4.3.1.2 Ships operating in areas and during
periods where ice accretion is likely to occur shall be:
- .1 designed to minimize the
accretion of ice; and
- .2 equipped with such means for
removing ice as the Administration may require; for example, electrical and
pneumatic devices, and/or special tools such as axes or wooden clubs for
removing ice from bulwarks, rails and erections.
4.3.1.3 Information on the icing allowance
included in the stability calculations shall be given in the PWOM.
4.3.1.4 Ice accretion shall be monitored
and appropriate measures taken to ensure that the ice accretion does not exceed the
values given in the PWOM.
4.3.2
Stability in damaged conditions
4.3.2.1 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 4.2.2, ships of categories A and B, constructed
on or after 1 January 2017, shall be able to withstand flooding resulting from hull
penetration due to ice impact. The residual stability following ice damage shall be
such that the factor si, as defined in SOLAS regulations II-1/7-2.2 and
II-1/7-2.3, is equal to one for all loading conditions used to calculate the
attained subdivision index in SOLAS regulation II-1/7. However, for cargo ships that
comply with subdivision and damage stability regulations in another instrument
developed by the Organization, as provided by SOLAS regulation II-1/4.1, the
residual stability criteria of that instrument shall be met for each loading
condition.
4.3.2.2 The ice damage extents to be assumed
when demonstrating compliance with paragraph 4.3.2.1 shall be such that:
- .1 the longitudinal extent is 4.5%
of the upper ice waterline length if centred forward of the maximum breadth
on the upper ice waterline, and 1.5% of upper ice waterline length
otherwise, and shall be assumed at any longitudinal position along the
ship's length;
- .2 the transverse penetration
extent is 760 mm, measured normal to the shell over the full extent of the
damage; and
- .3 the vertical extent is the
lesser of 20% of the upper ice waterline draught or the longitudinal extent,
and shall be assumed at any vertical position between the keel and 120% of
the upper ice waterline draught.
CHAPTER 5 – WATERTIGHT AND WEATHERTIGHT INTEGRITY
5.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to provide measures to maintain watertight
and weathertight integrity.
5.2
Functional requirements
In order to achieve the goal set out in paragraph 5.1 above, all closing
appliances and doors relevant to watertight and weathertight integrity of the ship
shall be operable.
5.3
Regulations In order to comply with the functional requirements of paragraph
5.2 above, the following apply:
- .1 for ships operating in areas and
during periods where ice accretion is likely to occur, means shall be
provided to remove or prevent ice and snow accretion around hatches and
doors; and
- .2 in addition, for ships intended
to operate in low air temperature the following apply:
- .1 if the hatches or
doors are hydraulically operated, means shall be provided to prevent
freezing or excessive viscosity of liquids; and
- .2 watertight and
weathertight doors, hatches and closing devices which are not within
an habitable environment and require access while at sea shall be
designed to be operated by personnel wearing heavy winter clothing
including thick mittens.
CHAPTER 6 – MACHINERY INSTALLATIONS
6.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to ensure that, machinery installations are
capable of delivering the required functionality necessary for safe operation of
ships.
6.2
Functional requirements
6.2.1 In order to achieve the goal set out
in paragraph 6.1 above, the following functional requirements are embodied in the
regulations of this chapter.
6.2.1.1 Machinery installations shall
provide functionality under the anticipated environmental conditions, taking into
account:
- .1 ice accretion and/or snow
accumulation;
- .2 ice ingestion from
seawater;
- .3 freezing and increased
viscosity of liquids;
- .4 seawater intake temperature;
and
- .5 snow ingestion.
6.2.1.2 In addition, for ships intended to
operate in low air temperatures:
- .1 machinery installations shall
provide functionality under the anticipated environmental conditions, also
taking into account:
- .1 cold and dense inlet air;
and
- .2 loss of performance of
battery or other stored energy device; and
- .2 materials used shall be suitable for
operation at the ships polar service temperature.
6.2.1.3 In addition, for ships ice
strengthened in accordance with chapter 3, machinery installations shall provide
functionality under the anticipated environmental conditions, taking into account
loads imposed directly by ice interaction.
6.3
Regulations
6.3.1 In order to comply with the functional
requirement of paragraph 6.2.1.1 above, taking into account the anticipated
environmental conditions, the following apply:
- .1 machinery installations and
associated equipment shall be protected against the effect of ice accretion
and/or snow accumulation, ice ingestion from sea water, freezing and increased
viscosity of liquids, seawater intake temperature and snow ingestion;
- .2 working liquids shall be maintained in a viscosity
range that ensures operation of the machinery; and
- .3 seawater supplies for machinery systems shall be
designed to prevent ingestion of ice,footnote or otherwise arranged to ensure
functionality.
6.3.2 In addition, for ships intended to
operate in low air temperatures, the following apply:
- .1 in order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 6.2.1.2 above, exposed machinery and
electrical installation and appliances shall function at the polar service
temperature;
- .2 in order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 6.2.1.2.1 above, means shall be provided to
ensure that combustion air for internal combustion engines driving essential
machinery is maintained at a temperature in compliance with the criteria
provided by the engine manufacturer; and
- .3 in order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 6.2.1.2.2 above, materials of exposed
machinery and foundations shall be approved by the Administration, or a
recognized organization accepted by it, taking into account standards acceptable
to the Organizationfootnote, footnote or other standards offering an
equivalent level of safety based on the polar service temperature.
6.3.3 In addition, for ships ice
strengthened in accordance with chapter 3, in order to comply with the functional
requirements of paragraph 6.2.1.3 above, the following apply:
- .1 scantlings of propeller blades,
propulsion line, steering equipment and other appendages of category A ships
shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized organization
accepted by it, taking into account standards acceptable to the
Organizationfootnote or other standards offering an
equivalent level of safety;
- .2 scantlings of propeller blades,
propulsion line, steering equipment and other appendages of category B ships
shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized organization
accepted by it, taking into account standards acceptable to the
Organizationfootnote or other standards offering an
equivalent level of safety; and
- .3 scantlings of propeller blades,
propulsion line, steering equipment and other appendages of ice-strengthened
category C ships shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized
organization accepted by it, taking into account acceptable standards
adequate with the ice types and concentration encountered in the area of
operation.
CHAPTER 7 – FIRE SAFETY/PROTECTION
7.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to ensure that fire safety systems and
appliances are effective and operable, and that means of escape remain available so
that persons on board can safely and swiftly escape to the lifeboat and liferaft
embarkation deck under the expected environmental conditions.
7.2
Functional requirements
7.2.1 In order to achieve the goal set out
in paragraph 7.1 above, the following functional requirements are embodied in the
regulations of this chapter:
- .1 all components of fire safety
systems and appliances if installed in exposed positions shall be protected
from ice accretion and snow accumulation;
- .2 local equipment and machinery
controls shall be arranged so as to avoid freezing, snow accumulation and
ice accretion and their location to remain accessible at all time;
- .3 the design of fire safety
systems and appliances shall take into consideration the need for persons to
wear bulky and cumbersome cold weather gear, where appropriate;
- .4 means shall be provided to
remove or prevent ice and snow accretion from accesses; and
- .5 extinguishing media shall be
suitable for intended operation.
7.2.2 In addition, for ships intended to
operate in low air temperature, the following apply:
- .1 all components of fire safety
systems and appliances shall be designed to ensure availability and
effectiveness under the polar service temperature; and
- .2 materials used in exposed fire
safety systems shall be suitable for operation at the polar service
temperature.
7.3
Regulations
7.3.1 In order to comply with the
requirement of paragraph 7.2.1.1, the following apply:
- .1 isolating and pressure/vacuum
valves in exposed locations are to be protected from ice accretion and
remain accessible at all time; and
- .2 all two-way portable radio
communication equipment shall be operable at the polar service
temperature
7.3.2 In order to comply with the
requirement of paragraph 7.2.1.2, the following apply:
- .1 fire pumps including emergency
fire pumps, water mist and water spray pumps shall be located in
compartments maintained above freezing;
- .2 the fire main is to be arranged
so that exposed sections can be isolated and means of draining of exposed
sections shall be provided. Fire hoses and nozzles need not be connected to
the fire main at all times, and may be stored in protected locations near
the hydrants;
- .3 firefighter's outfits shall be
stored in warm locations on the ship; and
- .4 where fixed water-based
firefighting systems are located in a space separate from the main fire
pumps and use their own independent sea suction, this sea suction is to be
also capable of being cleared of ice accumulation.
7.3.3 In addition, for ships intended to
operate in low air temperature, the following apply:
- .1 In order to comply with the
requirement of paragraph 7.2.2.1, portable and semi-portable extinguishers
shall be located in positions protected from freezing temperatures, as far
as practical. Locations subject to freezing are to be provided with
extinguishers capable of operation under the polar service temperature.
- .2 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 7.2.2.2 above, materials of exposed
fire safety systems shall be approved by the Administration, or a recognized
organization accepted by it, taking into account standards acceptable to the
Organizationfootnote or other standards offering an
equivalent level of safety based on the polar service temperature.
CHAPTER 8 – LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES AND ARRANGEMENTS
8.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to provide for safe escape, evacuation and
survival.
8.2
Functional requirements
8.2.1
Escape
8.2.1.1 Exposed escape routes shall remain
accessible and safe, taking into consideration the potential icing of structures and
snow accumulation.
8.2.1.2 Survival craft and muster and
embarkation arrangements shall provide safe abandonment of ship, taking into
consideration the possible adverse environmental conditions during an emergency.
8.2.2
Evacuation
All life-saving appliances and associated equipment shall provide safe
evacuation and be functional under the possible adverse environmental conditions
during the maximum expected time of rescue.
8.2.3
Survival
8.2.3.1 Adequate thermal protection shall be
provided for all persons on board, taking into account the intended voyage, the
anticipated weather conditions (cold and wind), and the potential for immersion in
polar water, where applicable.
8.2.3.2 Life-saving appliances and
associated equipment shall take account of the potential of operation in long
periods of darkness, taking into consideration the intended voyage.
8.2.3.3 Taking into account the presence of
any hazards, as identified in the assessment in chapter 1, resources shall be
provided to support survival following abandoning ship, whether to the water, to ice
or to land, for the maximum expected time of rescue. These resources shall
provide:
- .1 a habitable environment;
- .2 protection of persons from the
effects of cold, wind and sun;
- .3 space to accommodate persons
equipped with thermal protection adequate for the environment;
- .4 means to provide
sustenance;
- .5 safe access and exit points;
and
- .6 means to communicate with rescue
assets.
8.3
Regulations
8.3.1
Escape
In order to comply with the functional requirements of paragraphs
8.2.1.1 and 8.2.1.2 above, the following apply:
- .1 for ships exposed to ice
accretion, means shall be provided to remove or prevent ice and snow
accretion from escape routes, muster stations, embarkation areas, survival
craft, its launching appliances and access to survival craft;
- .2 in addition, for ships
constructed on or after 1 January 2017, exposed escape routes shall be
arranged so as not to hinder passage by persons wearing suitable polar
clothing; and
- .3 in addition, for ships intended
to operate in low air temperatures, adequacy of embarkation arrangements
shall be assessed, having full regard to any effect of persons wearing
additional polar clothing.
8.3.2
Evacuation
In order to comply with the functional requirement of paragraph 8.2.2
above, the following apply:
- .1 ships shall have means to ensure
safe evacuation of persons, including safe deployment of survival equipment,
when operating in ice-covered waters, or directly onto the ice, as applicable;
and
- .2 where the regulations of this
chapter are achieved by means of adding devices requiring a source of power,
this source shall be able to operate independently of the ship's main source of
power.
8.3.3
Survival
8.3.3.1 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 8.2.3.1 above, the following apply:
- .1 for passenger ships, a proper
sized immersion suit or a thermal protective aid shall be provided for each
person on board; and
- .2 where immersion suits are
required, they shall be of the insulated type.
8.3.3.2 In addition, for ships intended to operate in
extended periods of darkness, in order to comply with the functional requirements of
paragraph 8.2.3.2 above, searchlights suitable for continuous use to facilitate
identification of ice shall be provided for each lifeboat.
8.3.3.3 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 8.2.3.3 above, the following apply:
- .1 no lifeboat shall be of any type
other than partially or totally enclosed type;
- .2 taking into account the
assessment referred to in chapter 1, appropriate survival resources, which
address both individual (personal survival equipment) and shared (group
survival equipment) needs, shall be provided, as follows:
- .1 life-saving appliances
and group survival equipment that provide effective protection
against direct wind chill for all persons on board;
- .2 personal survival
equipment in combination with life-saving appliances or group
survival equipment that provide sufficient thermal insulation to
maintain the core temperature of persons; and
- .3 personal survival
equipment that provide sufficient protection to prevent frostbite of
all extremities; and
- .3 in addition, whenever the
assessment required under paragraph 1.5 identifies a potential of
abandonment onto ice or land, the following apply
- .1 group survival
equipment shall be carried, unless an equivalent level of
functionality for survival is provided by the ship's normal
life-saving appliances;
- .2 when required, personal
and group survival equipment sufficient for 110% of the persons on
board shall be stowed in easily accessible locations, as close as
practical to the muster or embarkation stations;
- .3 containers for group
survival equipment shall be designed to be easily movable over the
ice and be floatable;
- .4 whenever the
assessment identifies the need to carry personal and group survival
equipment, means shall be identified of ensuring that this equipment
is accessible following abandonment;
- .5 if carried in addition
to persons, in the survival craft, the survival craft and launching
appliances shall have sufficient capacity to accommodate the
additional equipment;
- .6 passengers shall be
instructed in the use of the personal survival equipment and the
action to take in an emergency; and
- .7 the crew shall be
trained in the use of the personal survival equipment and group
survival equipment.
8.3.3.4 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 8.2.3.3.4 above, adequate emergency rations
shall be provided, for the maximum expected time of rescue.
CHAPTER 9 – SAFETY OF NAVIGATION
9.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to provide for safe navigation.
9.2
Functional requirements
In order to achieve the goal set out in paragraph 9.1 above, the
following functional requirements are embodied in the regulations of this
chapter.
9.2.1
Nautical information
Ships shall have the ability to receive up-to-date information including ice
information for safe navigation.
9.2.2
Navigational equipment functionality
9.2.2.1 The navigational equipment and
systems shall be designed, constructed, and installed to retain their functionality
under the expected environmental conditions in the area of operation.
9.2.2.2 Systems for providing reference
headings and position fixing shall be suitable for the intended areas.
9.2.3
Additional navigational equipment
9.2.3.1 Ships shall have the ability to visually detect
ice when operating in darkness.
9.2.3.2 Ships involved in operations with an icebreaker
escort shall have suitable means to indicate when the ship is stopped.
9.3.1
Nautical information
In order to comply with the functional requirement of paragraph 9.2.1
above, ships shall have means of receiving and displaying current information on ice
conditions in the area of operation.
9.3.2
Navigational equipment functionality
9.3.2.1 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 9.2.2.1 above, the following apply
- .1 ships constructed on or after 1
January 2017, ice strengthened in accordance with chapter 3, shall have
either two independent echo-sounding devices or one echo-sounding device
with two separate independent transducers;
- .2 ships shall comply with SOLAS
regulation V/22.1.9.4, irrespective of the date of construction and the size
and, depending on the bridge configuration, a clear view astern;
- .3 for ships operating in areas,
and during periods, where ice accretion is likely to occur, means to prevent
the accumulation of ice on antennas required for navigation and
communication shall be provided; and
- .4 in addition, for ships ice
strengthened in accordance with chapter 3, the following apply:
- .1 where equipment
required by SOLAS chapter V or this chapter have sensors that
project below the hull, such sensors shall be protected against ice;
and
- .2 in category A and B
ships constructed on or after 1 January 2017, the bridge wings shall
be enclosed or designed to protect navigational equipment and
operating personnel.
9.3.2.2 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 9.2.2.2 above, the following apply:
- .1 ships shall have two
non-magnetic means to determine and display their heading. Both means shall
be independent and shall be connected to the ship's main and emergency
source of power; and
- .2 ships proceeding to latitudes
over 80 degrees shall be fitted with at least one GNSS compass or
equivalent, which shall be connected to the ship's main and emergency source
of power.
9.3.3
Additional navigational equipment
9.3.3.1 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 9.2.3.1 ships, with the exception of those
solely operating in areas with 24 hours daylight, shall be equipped with two
remotely rotatable, narrow-beam search lights controllable from the bridge to
provide lighting over an arc of 360 degrees, or other means to visually detect
ice.
9.3.3.2 In order to comply with the
functional requirement of paragraph 9.2.3.2, ships involved in operations with an
icebreaker escort shall be equipped with a manually initiated flashing red light
visible from astern to indicate when the ship is stopped. This light shall have a
range of visibility of at least two nautical miles, and the horizontal and vertical
arcs of visibility shall conform to the stern light specifications required by the
International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea.
CHAPTER 10 – COMMUNICATION
10.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to provide for effective communication for
ships and survival craft during normal operation and in emergency situations.
10.2
Functional requirements
In order to achieve the goal set out in paragraph 10.1 above, the
following functional requirements are embodied in the regulations of this
chapter.
10.2.1
Ship communication
10.2.1.1 Two-way voice and/or data
communications ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore shall be available at all points along
the intended operating routes.
10.2.1.2 Suitable means of communications
shall be provided where escort and convoy operations are expected.
10.2.1.3 Means for two-way on-scene and SAR
coordination communications for search and rescue purposes including aeronautical
frequencies shall be provided.
10.2.1.4 Appropriate communication equipment
to enable telemedical assistance in polar areas shall be provided.
10.2.2
Survival craft and rescue boat communications capabilities
10.2.2.1 For ships intended to operate in
low air temperature, all rescue boats and lifeboats, whenever released for
evacuation, shall maintain capability for distress alerting, locating and on-scene
communications.
10.2.2.2 For ships intended to operate in
low air temperature, all other survival craft, whenever released, shall maintain
capability for transmitting signals for location and for communication.
10.2.2.3 Mandatory communication equipment
for use in survival craft, including liferafts, and rescue boats shall be capable of
operation during the maximum expected time of rescue.
10.3
Regulations
10.3.1
Ship communication
10.3.1.1 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 10.2.1.1 above, communication equipment on
board shall have the capabilities for ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore communication,
taking into account the limitations of communications systems in high latitudes and
the anticipated low temperature.
10.3.1.2 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 10.2.1.2 above, ships intended to provide
icebreaking escort shall be equipped with a sound signaling system mounted to face
astern to indicate escort and emergency manoeuvres to following ships as described
in the International Code of Signals.
10.3.1.3 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 10.2.1.3 above, two-way on-scene and SAR
coordination communication capability in ships shall include:
- .1 voice and/or data communications
with relevant rescue coordination centres; and
- .2 equipment for voice
communications with aircraft on 121.5 and 123.1 MHz.
10.3.1.4 In order to comply with the
functional requirements of paragraph 10.2.1.4 above, the communication equipment
shall provide for two-way voice and data communication with a Telemedical Assistance
Service (TMAS).
10.3.2
Survival craft and rescue boat communications capabilities
10.3.2.1 For ships intended to operate in
low air temperature, in order to comply with the functional requirements of
paragraph 10.2.2.1 above, all rescue boats and lifeboats, whenever released for
evacuation, shall:
- .1 for distress alerting, carry one
device for transmitting ship to shore alerts;
- .2 in order to be located, carry
one device for transmitting signals for location; and
- .3 for on-scene communications,
carry one device for transmitting and receiving on-scene communications
10.3.2.2 For ships intended to operate in
low air temperature, in order to comply with the functional requirements of
paragraph 10.2.2.2 above, all other survival craft shall:
- .1 in order to be located, carry
one device for transmitting signals for location; and
- .2 for on-scene communications,
carry one device for transmitting and receiving on-scene
communications.
10.3.2.3 In order to comply with the functional
requirements of paragraph 10.2.2.3 above, recognizing the limitations arising from
battery life, procedures shall be developed and implemented such that mandatory
communication equipment for use in survival craft, including liferafts, and rescue
boats are available for operation during the maximum expected time of rescue.
CHAPTER 11 – VOYAGE PLANNING
11.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to ensure that the Company, master and crew are provided
with sufficient information to enable operations to be conducted with due
consideration to safety of ship and persons on board and, as appropriate,
environmental protection.
11.2
Functional requirement
In order to achieve the goal set out in paragraph 11.1 above, the voyage plan shall
take into account the potential hazards of the intended voyage.
11.3
Requirements
In order to comply with the functional requirement of paragraph 11.2
above, the master shall consider a route through polar waters, taking into account
the following:
- .1 the procedures required by the
PWOM;
- .2 any limitations of the
hydrographic information and aids to navigation available;
- .3 current information on the
extent and type of ice and icebergs in the vicinity of the intended
route;
- .4 statistical information on ice
and temperatures from former years;
- .5 places of refuge;
- .6 current information and measures
to be taken when marine mammals are encountered relating to known areas with
densities of marine mammals, including seasonal migration areas;footnote
- .7 current information on relevant
ships' routing systems, speed recommendations and vessel traffic services
relating to known areas with densities of marine mammals, including seasonal
migration areas;footnote
- .8 national and international
designated protected areas along the route; and
- .9 operation in areas remote from
search and rescue (SAR) capabilities.footnote
CHAPTER 12 –MANNING AND TRAINING
12.1
Goal
The goal of this chapter is to ensure that ships operating in polar waters are
appropriately manned by adequately qualified, trained and experienced personnel.
12.2
Functional requirements
In order to achieve the goal set out in paragraph 12.1 above, companies shall ensure
that masters, chief mates and officers in charge of a navigational watch on board
ships operating in polar waters shall have completed training to attain the
abilities that are appropriate to the capacity to be filled and duties and
responsibilities to be taken up, taking into account the provisions of the STCW
Convention and the STCW Code, as amended.
12.3
Regulations
12.3.1 In order to meet the functional requirement of
paragraph 12.2 above while operating in polar waters, masters, chief mates and
officers in charge of a navigational watch shall be qualified in accordance with
chapter V of the STCW Convention and the STCW Code, as amended, as follows:
Ice conditions
|
Tankers
|
Passenger ships
|
Other
|
Ice Free
|
Not applicable
|
Not applicable
|
Not applicable
|
Open waters
|
Basic training for master, chief mate and officers in charge
of a navigational watch
|
Basic training for master, chief mate and officers in charge
of a navigational watch
|
Not applicable
|
Ice conditions
|
Tankers
|
Passenger ships
|
Other
|
Ice Free
|
Not applicable
|
Not applicable
|
Not applicable
|
Other waters
|
Advanced training for master and chief mate. Basic training
for officers in charge of a navigational watch
|
Advanced training for master and chief mate. Basic training
for officers in charge of a navigational watch
|
Advanced training for master and chief mate. Basic training
for officers in charge of a navigational watch.
|
12.3.2 The Administration may allow the use
of a person(s) other than the master, chief mate or officers of the navigational
watch to satisfy the requirements for training, as required by paragraph 12.3.1,
provided that:
- .1 this person(s) shall be
qualified and certified in accordance with regulation II/2 of the STCW
Convention and section A-II/2 of the STCW Code, and meets the advance
training requirements noted in the above table;
- .2 while operating in polar waters
the ship has sufficient number of persons meeting the appropriate training
requirements for polar waters to cover all watches;
- .3 this person(s) is subject to the
Administration's minimum hours of rest requirements at all times;
- .4 when
operating in waters other than open waters or bergy waters, the master,
chief mate and officers in charge of a navigational watch on passenger ships
and tankers shall meet the applicable basic training requirements noted in
the above table; and
- .5 when operating in waters with
ice concentration of more than 2/10, the master, chief mate and officers in
charge of a navigational watch on cargo ships other than tankers shall meet
the applicable basic training requirements noted in the above table.
12.3.3 The use of a person other than the officer of the
navigational watch to satisfy the requirements for training does not relieve the
master or officer of the navigational watch from their duties and obligations for
the safety of the ship.
12.3.4 Every crew member shall be made familiar with the
procedures and equipment contained or referenced in the PWOM relevant to their
assigned duties.