9.1 The company security officer (CSO) has the
responsibility of ensuring that a ship security plan (SSP) is prepared
and submitted for approval. The content of each individual SSP should
vary depending on the particular ship it covers. The ship security
assessment (SSA) will have identified the particular features of the
ship and the potential threats and vulnerabilities. The preparation
of the SSP will require these features to be addressed in detail.
Administrations may prepare advice on the preparation and content
of a SSP.
9.2 All SSPs should:
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.1 detail the organizational structure of security
for the ship;
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.2 detail the ship's relationships with the Company,
port facilities, other ships and relevant authorities with security
responsibility;
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.3 detail the communication systems to allow effective
continuous communication within the ship and between the ship and
others, including port facilities;
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.4 detail the basic security measures for security
level 1, both operational and physical, that will always be in place;
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.5 detail the additional security measures that
will allow the ship to progress without delay to security level 2
and, when necessary, to security level 3;
-
.6 provide for regular review, or audit, of the
SSP and for its amendment in response to experience or changing circumstances;
and
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.7 detail reporting procedures to the appropriate
Contracting Government's contact points.
9.3 Preparation of an effective SSP should rest
on a thorough assessment of all issues that relate to the security
of the ship, including, in particular, a thorough appreciation of
the physical and operational characteristics, including the voyage
pattern, of the individual ship.
9.4 All SSPs should be approved by, or on behalf
of, the Administration. If an Administration uses a recognized security
organization (RSO) to review or approve the SSP the RSO should not
be associated with any other RSO that prepared, or assisted in the
preparation of, the plan.
9.5 CSOs and SSOs should develop procedures to:
9.6 The security measures included in the SSP
should be in place when the initial verification for compliance with
the requirements of chapter XI-2 and part A of this Code will be carried out.
Otherwise the process of issue to the ship of the required International Ship Security Certificate cannot
be carried out. If there is any subsequent failure of security equipment
or systems, or suspension of a security measure for whatever reason,
equivalent temporary security measures should be adopted, notified
to, and agreed by, the Administration.
Organization and performance of ship security
duties
9.7 In addition to the guidance given in section 9.2, the SSP should establish
the following which relate to all security levels:
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.1 the duties and responsibilities of all shipboard
personnel with a security role;
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.2 the procedures or safeguards necessary to allow
such continuous communications to be maintained at all times;
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.3 the procedures needed to assess the continuing
effectiveness of security procedures and any security and surveillance
equipment and systems, including procedures for identifying and responding
to equipment or systems failure or malfunction;
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.4 the procedures and practices to protect security
sensitive information held in paper or electronic format;
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.5 the type and maintenance requirements, of security
and surveillance equipment and systems, if any;
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.6 the procedures to ensure the timely submission,
and assessment, of reports relating to possible breaches of security
or security concerns; and
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.7 procedures to establish, maintain and up-date
an inventory of any dangerous goods or hazardous substances carried
on board, including their location.
9.8 The remainder of section 9 addresses specifically
the security measures that could be taken at each security level covering:
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.1 access to the ship by ship's personnel, passengers,
visitors, etc;
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.2 restricted areas on the ship;
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.3 handling of cargo;
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.4 delivery of ship's stores;
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.5 handling unaccompanied baggage; and
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.6 monitoring the security of the ship.
9.9 The SSP should establish the security measures
covering all means of access to the ship identified in the SSA. This
should include any:
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.1 access ladders;
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.2 access gangways;
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.3 access ramps;
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.4 access doors, side scuttles, windows and ports;
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.5 mooring lines and anchor chains; and
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.6 cranes and hoisting gear.
9.10 For each of these the SSP should identify
the appropriate locations where access restrictions or prohibitions
should be applied for each of the security levels. For each security
level the SSP should establish the type of restriction or prohibition
to be applied and the means of enforcing them.
9.11 The SSP should establish for each security
level the means of identification required to allow access to the
ship and for individuals to remain on the ship without challenge,
this may involve developing an appropriate identification system allowing
for permanent and temporary identifications, for ship's personnel
and visitors respectively. Any ship identification system should,
when it is practicable to do so, be co-ordinated with that applying
to the port facility. Passengers should be able to prove their identity
by boarding passes, tickets, etc., but should not be permitted access
to restricted areas unless supervised. The SSP should establish provisions
to ensure that the identification systems are regularly updated, and
that abuse of procedures should be subject to disciplinary action.
9.12 Those unwilling or unable to establish their
identity and/or to confirm the purpose of their visit when requested
to do so should be denied access to the ship and their attempt to
obtain access should be reported, as appropriate, to the SSOs, the
CSOs, the PFSOand to the national or local authorities with security
responsibilities.
9.13 The SSP should establish the frequency of
application of any access controls particularly if they are to be
applied on a random, or occasional, basis.
9.14 At security level 1, the SSP should establish
the security measures to control access to the ship, where the following
may be applied:
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.1 checking the identity of all persons seeking
to board the ship and confirming their reasons for doing so by checking,
for example, joining instructions, passenger tickets, boarding passes,
work orders etc;
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.2 in liaison with the port facility the ship
should ensure that designated secure areas are established in which
inspections and searching of persons, baggage (including carry on
items), personal effects, vehicles and their contents can take place;
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.3 in liaison with the port facility the ship
should ensure that vehicles destined to be loaded on board car carriers,
ro-ro and other passenger ships are subjected to search prior to loading,
in accordance with the frequency required in the SSP;
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.4 segregating checked persons and their personal
effects from unchecked persons and their personal effects;
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.5 segregating embarking from disembarking passengers;
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.6 identifying of access points that should be
secured or attended to prevent unauthorized access;
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.7 securing, by locking or other means, access
to unattended spaces adjoining areas to which passengers and visitors
have access; and
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.8 providing security briefings to all ship personnel
on possible threats, the procedures for reporting suspicious persons,
objects or activities and the need for vigilance.
9.15 At security level 1, all those seeking to
board a ship should be liable to search. The frequency of such searches,
including random searches, should be specified in the approved SSP
and should be specifically approved by the Administration. Such searches
may best be undertaken by the port facility in close co-operation
with the ship and in close proximity to it. Unless there are clear
security grounds for doing so, members of the ship's personnel should
not be required to search their colleagues or their personal effects.
Any such search shall be undertaken in a manner which fully takes
into account the human rights of the individual and preserves their
basic human dignity.
9.16 At security level 2, the SSP should establish
the security measures to be applied to protect against a heightened
risk of a security incident to ensure higher vigilance and tighter
control, which may include:
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.1 assigning additional personnel to patrol deck
areas during silent hours to deter unauthorized access;
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.2 limiting the number of access points to the
ship, identifying those to be closed and the means of adequately securing
them;
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.3 deterring waterside access to the ship, including,
for example, in liaison with the port facility, provision of boat
patrols;
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.4 establishing a restricted area on the shore-side
of the ship, in close co-operation with the port facility;
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.5 increasing the frequency and detail of searches
of persons, personal effects, and vehicles being embarked or loaded
onto the ship;
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.6 escorting visitors on the ship;
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.7 providing additional specific security briefings
to all ship personnel on any identified threats, re-emphasising the
procedures for reporting suspicious persons, objects, or activities
and the stressing the need for increased vigilance; and
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.8 carrying out a full or partial search of the
ship.
9.17 At security level 3, the ship should comply
with the instructions issued by those responding to the security incident
or threat thereof. The SSP should detail the security measures which
could be taken by the ship, in close co-operation with those responding
and the port facility, which may include:
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.1 limiting access to a single, controlled, access
point;
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.2 granting access only to those responding to
the security incident or threat thereof;
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.3 directions of persons on board;
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.4 suspension of embarkation or disembarkation;
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.5 suspension of cargo handling operations, deliveries
etc;
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.6 evacuation of the ship;
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.7 movement of the ship; and
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.8 preparing for a full or partial search of the
ship.
Restricted areas on the ship
9.18 The SSP should identify the restricted areas
to be established on the ship, specify their extent, times of application,
the security measures to be taken to control access to them and those
to be taken to control activities within them. The purpose of restricted
areas are to:
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.1 prevent unauthorized access;
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.2 protect passengers, ship's personnel, and personnel
from port facilities or other agencies authorized to be on board the
ship;
-
.3 protect security-sensitive areas within the
ship; and
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.4 protect cargo and ship's stores from tampering.
9.19 The SSP should ensure that there are clearly
established policies and practices to control access to all restricted
areas them.
9.20 The SSP should provide that all restricted
areas should be clearly marked indicating that access to the area
is restricted and that unauthorized presence within the area constitutes
a breach of security.
9.21 Restricted areas may include:
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.1 navigation bridge, machinery spaces of category
A and other control stations as defined in chapter
II-2;
-
.2 spaces containing security and surveillance
equipment and systems and their controls and lighting system controls;
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.3 ventilation and air-conditioning systems and
other similar spaces;
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.4 spaces with access to potable water tanks,
pumps, or manifolds;
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.5 spaces containing dangerous goods or hazardous
substances;
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.6 spaces containing cargo pumps and their controls;
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.7 cargo spaces and spaces containing ship's
stores;
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.8 crew accommodation; and
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.9 any other areas as determined by the CSO, through
the SSA to which access must be restricted to maintain the security
of the ship.
9.22 At security level 1, the SSP should establish
the security measures to be applied to restricted areas, which may
include:
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.1 locking or securing access points;
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.2 using surveillance equipment to monitor the
areas;
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.3 using guards or patrols; and
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.4 using automatic intrusion–detection devices
to alert the ship's personnel of unauthorized access.
9.23 At security level 2, the frequency and intensity
of the monitoring of, and control of access to restricted areas should
be increased to ensure that only authorized persons have access. The
SSP should establish the additional security measures to be applied,
which may include:
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.1 establishing restricted areas adjacent to access
points;
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.2 continuously monitoring surveillance equipment;
and
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.3 dedicating additional personnel to guard and
patrol restricted areas.
9.24 At security level 3, the ship should comply
with the instructions issued by those responding to the security incident
or threat thereof. The SSP should detail the security measures which
could be taken by the ship, in close co-operations with those responding
and the port facility, which may include:
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.1 setting up of additional restricted areas on
the ship in proximity to the security incident, or the believed location
of the security threat, to which access is denied; and
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.2 searching of restricted areas as part of a
search of the ship.
9.25 The security measures relating to cargo handling
should:
9.26 The security measures, some of which may
have to be applied in liaison with the port facility, should include
inventory control procedures at access points to the ship. Once on
board the ship, cargo should be capable of being identified as having
been approved for loading onto the ship. In addition, security measures
should be developed to ensure that cargo, once on board, is not tampered
with.
9.27 At security level 1, the SSP should establish
the security measures to be applied during cargo handling, which may
include:
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.1 routine checking of cargo, cargo transport
units and cargo spaces prior to, and during, cargo handling operations;
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.2 checks to ensure that cargo being loaded matches
the cargo documentation;
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.3 ensuring, in liaison with the port facility,
that vehicles to be loaded on board car carriers, ro-ro and passenger
ships are subjected to search prior to loading, in accordance with
the frequency required in the SSP; and
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.4 checking of seals or other methods used to
prevent tampering.
9.28 Checking of cargo may be accomplished by
the following means:
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.1 visual and physical examination; and
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.2 using scanning/detection equipment, mechanical
devices, or dogs.
9.29 When there are regular or repeated cargo
movements, the CSO or SSO may, in consultation with the port facility,
agree arrangements with shippers or others responsible for such cargo
covering off-site checking, sealing, scheduling, supporting documentation,
etc. Such arrangements should be communicated to and agreed with the
PFSO concerned.
9.30 At security level 2, the SSP should establish
the additional security measures to be applied during cargo handling,
which may include:
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.1 detailed checking of cargo, cargo transport
units and cargo spaces;
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.2 intensified checks to ensure that only the
intended cargo is loaded;
-
.3 intensified searching of vehicles to be loaded
on car-carriers, ro-ro and passenger ships; and
-
.4 increased frequency and detail in checking
of seals or other methods used to prevent tampering.
9.31 Detailed checking of cargo may be accomplished
by the following means:
-
.1 increasing the frequency and detail of visual
and physical examination;
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.2 increasing the frequency of the use of scanning/detection
equipment, mechanical devices, or dogs; and
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.3 co-ordinating enhanced security measures with
the shipper or other responsible party in accordance with an established
agreement and procedures.
9.32 At security level 3, the ship should comply
with the instructions issued by those responding to the security incident
or threat thereof. The SSP should detail the security measures which
could be taken by the ship, in close co-operation with those responding
and the port facility, which may include:
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.1 suspension of the loading or unloading of cargo;
and
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.2 verify the inventory of dangerous goods and
hazardous substances carried on board, if any, and their location.
Delivery of ship's stores
9.33 The security measures relating to the delivery
of ship's stores should:
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.1 ensure checking of ship's stores and package
integrity;
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.2 prevent ship's stores from being accepted without
inspection;
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.3 prevent tampering; and
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.4 prevent ship's stores from being accepted unless
ordered.
9.34 For ships regularly using the port facility
it may be appropriate to establish procedures involving the ship,
its suppliers and the port facility covering notification and timing
of deliveries and their documentation. There should always be some
way of confirming that stores presented for delivery are accompanied
by evidence that they have been ordered by the ship.
9.35 At security level 1, the SSP should establish
the security measures to be applied during delivery of ship's stores,
which may include:
9.36 At security level 2, the SSP should establish
the additional security measures to be applied during delivery of
ship's stores by exercising checks prior to receiving stores on board
and intensifying inspections.
9.37 At security level 3, the ship should comply
with the instructions issued by those responding to the security incident
or threat thereof. The SSP should detail the security measures which
could be taken by the ship, in close co-operation with those responding
and the port facility, which may include:
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.1 subjecting ship's stores to more extensive
checking;
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.2 preparation for restriction or suspension of
handling of ship's stores; and
-
.3 refusal to accept ship's stores on board the
ship.
Handling unaccompanied baggage
9.38 The SSP should establish the security measures
to be applied to ensure that unaccompanied baggage (i.e. any baggage,
including personal effects, which is not with the passenger or member
of ship's personnel at the point of inspection or search) is identified
and subjected to appropriate screening, including searching, before
it is accepted on board the ship. It is not envisaged that such baggage
will be subjected to screening by both the ship and the port facility,
and in cases where both are suitably equipped, the responsibility
for screening should rest with the port facility. Close co-operation
with the port facility is essential and steps should be taken to ensure
that unaccompanied baggage is handled securely after screening.
9.39 At security level 1, the SSP should establish
the security measures to be applied when handling unaccompanied baggage
to ensure that unaccompanied baggage is screened or searched up to
and including 100 %, which may include use of x-ray screening.
9.40 At security level 2, the SSP should establish
the additional security measures to be applied when handling unaccompanied
baggage which should include 100 % x-ray screening of all unaccompanied
baggage.
9.41 At security level 3, the ship should comply
with the instructions issued by those responding to the security incident
or threat thereof. The SSP should detail the security measures which
could be taken by the ship, in close co-operation with those responding
and the port facility, which may include:
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.1 subjecting such baggage to more extensive screening,
for example x-raying it from at least two different angles;
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.2 preparation for restriction or suspension of
handling of unaccompanied baggage; and
-
.3 refusal to accept unaccompanied baggage on
board the ship.
Monitoring the Security of the Ship
9.42 The ship should have the capability to monitor
the ship, the restricted areas on board and areas surrounding the
ship. Such monitoring capabilities may include use of:
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.1 lighting;
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.2 watchkeepers, security guards and deck watches,
including patrols; and
-
.3 automatic intrusion–detection devices
and surveillance equipment.
9.43 When used, automatic intrusion–detection
devices should activate an audible and/or visual alarm at a location
that is continuously attended or monitored.
9.44 The SSP should establish the procedures and
equipment needed at each security level and the means of ensuring
that monitoring equipment will be able to perform continually, including
consideration of the possible effects of weather conditions or of
power disruptions.
9.45 At security level 1, the SSP should establish
the security measures to be applied which may be a combination of
lighting, watchkeepers, security guards or use of security and surveillance
equipment to allow ship's security personnel to observe the ship in
general, and barriers and restricted areas in particular.
9.46 The ship's deck and access points to the
ship should be illuminated during hours of darkness and periods of
low visibility while conducting ship/port interface activities or
at a port facility or anchorage when necessary. While under way, when
necessary, ships should use the maximum lighting available consistent
with safe navigation, having regard to the provisions of the International
Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea in force. The
following should be considered when establishing the appropriate level
and location of lighting:
-
.1 the ship's personnel should be able to detect
activities beyond the ship, on both the shore side and the waterside;
-
.2 coverage should include the area on and around
the ship;
-
.3 coverage should facilitate personnel identification
at access points; and
-
.4 coverage may be provided through coordinating
with the port facility.
9.47 At security level 2, the SSP should establish
the additional security measures to be applied to enhance the monitoring
and surveillance capabilities, which may include:
-
.1 increasing the frequency and detail of security
patrols;
-
.2 increasing the coverage and intensity of lighting
or the use of security and surveillance and equipment;
-
.3 assigning additional personnel as security
look–outs; and
-
.4 ensuring co–ordination with water–side
boat patrols, and foot or vehicle patrols on the shore-side, when
provided.
9.48 Additional lighting may be necessary to protect
against a heightened risk of a security incidents. When necessary,
the additional lighting requirements may be accomplished by co–ordinating
with the port facility to provide additional shoreside lighting.
9.49 At security level 3, the ship should comply
with the instructions issued by those responding to the security incident
or threat thereof. The SSP should detail the security measures which
could be taken by the ship, in close co-operation with those responding
and the port facility, which may include:
-
.1 switching on of all lighting on, or illuminating
the vicinity of, the ship;
-
.2 switching on of all on–board surveillance
equipment capable of recording activities on, or in the vicinity of,
the ship;
-
.3 maximising the length of time such surveillance
equipment can continue to record;
-
.4 preparation for underwater inspection of the
hull of the ship; and
-
.5 initiation of measures, including the slow
revolution of the ship's propellers, if practicable, to deter underwater
access to the hull of the ship.
Differing security levels
9.50 The SSP should establish details of the procedures
and security measures the ship could adopt if the ship is at a higher
security level than that applying to a port facility.
Activities not covered by the Code
9.51 The SSP should establish details of the procedures
and security measures the ship should apply when:
-
.1 it is at a port of a State which is not a Contracting
Government;
-
.2 it is interfacing with a ship to which this
Code does not applyfootnote;
-
.3 it is interfacing with fixed or floating platforms
or a mobile drilling unit on location; or
-
.4 it is interfacing with a port or port facility
which is not required to comply with chapter
XI-2 and part A of this Code.
9.52 The SSP should detail how requests for Declarations
of security from a port facility will be handled and the circumstances
under which the ship itself should request a DoS.
9.53 The SSP should establish how the CSO and
the SSO intend to audit the continued effectiveness of the SSP and
the procedure to be followed to review, update or amend the SSP.