5.1.1 Every lashing should pass over the timber
deck cargo and be secured to suitable eyeplates, lashing bollards
or other devices adequate for the intended purpose which are efficiently
attached to the deck stringer plate or other strengthened points.
They should be installed in such a manner as to be, as far as practicable,
in contact with the timber deck cargo throughout its full height.
5.1.2 All lashings and components used for securing
should:
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.1 possess a breaking strength of not less than
133 kN;
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.2 after initial stressing, show an elongation
of not more than 5% at 80% of their breaking strength; and
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.3 show no permanent deformation after having
been subjected to a proof load of not less than 40% of their original
breaking strength.
5.1.3 Every lashing should be provided with a
tightening device or system so placed that it can safely and efficiently
operate when required. The load to be produced by the tightening device
or system should not be less than:
5.1.4 Upon completion and after the initial securing,
the tightening device or system should be left with no less than half
the threaded length of screw or of tightening capacity available for
future use.
5.1.5 Every lashing should be provided with a
device or an installation to permit the length of the lashing to be
adjusted.
5.1.6 The spacing of the lashings should be such
that the two lashings at each end of each length of continuous deck
stow are positioned as close as practicable to the extreme end of
the timber deck cargo.
5.1.7 If wire rope clips are used to make a joint
in a wire lashing, the following conditions should be observed to
avoid a significant reduction in strength:
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.1 the number and size of rope clips utilized
should be in proportion to the diameter of the wire rope and should
not be less than three, each spaced at intervals of not less than
150 mm;
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.2 the saddle portion of the clip should be applied
to the live load segment and the U-bolt to the dead or shortened end
segment; and
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.3 rope clips should be initially tightened so
that they visibly compress the wire rope and subsequently be re-tightened
after the lashing has been stressed.
Figure 5.1 Wire rope clips
5.1.8 Greasing the threads of grips, clips, shackles
and turnbuckles increases their holding capacity and prevents corrosion.
5.1.9 Bulldog grips are only suitable for a standard
wire rope of right-hand lay having six strands. Left-hand lay or different
construction should not be used with such grips.