1.1 Ballast water carried in ships to maintain
safety and stability at sea has been recognized as one of the major
pathways for the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens
around the world. Although ballast water has been carried around the
world for many years, interest in ballast water as a global environmental
problem has only attracted significant interest in recent years with
the documented establishment of a number of aquatic pest species.
The significance of the problem has been influenced greatly by the
expansion in worldwide shipping and reduced voyage times with some
12 billion tonnes of ballast water now carried around the world annually.
Scientific research indicates that several thousand species are transported
in the ballast water of ships each day.
1.2 Therefore, the need is emphasized for ballast
water and sediment management options to be taken into account when
designing and building new ships and, in this regard the shipping
industry should be contacted for design considerations. A range of
suggested design considerations for new ships are given in the guidance.