Filling limits for cargo tanks

Goal

To determine the maximum quantity of cargo that can be loaded.

15.1 Definitions

15.1.1 Filling limit (FL) means the maximum liquid volume in a cargo tank relative to the total tank volume when the liquid cargo has reached the reference temperature.

LR 15.1-01 Total tank volume excludes liquid and vapour dome volumes.

LR 15.1-02 Cargo tanks also include deck tanks for which the same requirements apply.

15.1.2 Loading limit (LL) means the maximum allowable liquid volume relative to the tank volume to which the tank may be loaded.

15.1.3 Reference temperature means (for the purposes of this chapter only):

• .1 when no cargo vapour pressure/temperature control, as referred to in chapter 7, is provided, the temperature corresponding to the vapour pressure of the cargo at the set pressure of the PRVs; and

• .2 when a cargo vapour pressure/temperature control, as referred to in chapter 7, is provided, the temperature of the cargo upon termination of loading, during transport or at unloading, whichever is the greatest.

15.1.4 Ambient design temperature for unrestricted service means sea temperature of 32°C and air temperature of 45°C. However, lesser values of these temperatures may be accepted by the Administration for ships operating in restricted areas or on voyages of restricted duration, and account may be taken in such cases of any insulation of the tanks. Conversely, higher values of these temperatures may be required for ships permanently operating in areas of high-ambient temperature.

LR 15.1-03 Where the APBU notation is to be assigned, the requirements of 15.1.3.1 are applicable.

LR 15.1-04 The requirements of 15.1.3.1 are applicable to cargo containment systems complying with 7.1.1.3.

LR 15.1-05 Where the cargo tanks are allowed to have more than one relief valve set pressure, the relief valve setting is to be appropriate for the vapour pressure of the cargo being carried.

LR 15.1-06 An isolated vapour pocket is defined as one which is not connected to the cargo tank's PRV inlets at either the independent or combined angles of inclination specified in 8.2.17.

15.2 General requirements

The maximum filling limit of cargo tanks shall be so determined that the vapour space has a minimum volume at reference temperature allowing for:

• .1 tolerance of instrumentation such as level and temperature gauges;

• .2 volumetric expansion of the cargo between the PRV set pressure and the maximum allowable rise stated in 8.4; and

• .3 an operational margin to account for liquid drained back to cargo tanks after completion of loading, operator reaction time and closing time of valves, see 5.5 and 18.10.2.1.4.

15.3 Default filling limit

The default value for the filling limit (FL) of cargo tanks is 98% at the reference temperature. Exceptions to this value shall meet the requirements of 15.4.

15.4 Determination of increased filling limit

15.4.1 A filling limit greater than the limit of 98% specified in 15.3 may be permitted under the trim and list conditions specified in 8.2.17, providing:

• .1 no isolated vapour pockets are created within the cargo tank;

• .2 the PRV inlet arrangement shall remain in the vapour space; and

• .3 allowances need to be provided for:

  • .1 volumetric expansion of the liquid cargo due to the pressure increase from the MARVS to full flow relieving pressure in accordance with 8.4.1;

  • .2 an operational margin of minimum 0.1% of tank volume; and

  • .3 tolerances of instrumentation such as level and temperature gauges.

LR 15.4-01 Increased filling limits may be considered subject to the agreement of the Administration. In such circumstances the documentation to be submitted is to demonstrate the suitability of each applicable cargo tank arrangement.

LR 15.4-02 In determining the operational margin indicated in 15.2.3, the type and dimensions of each cargo tank, the arrangement and dimensions of cargo piping, and details of the control instrumentation are to be considered in calculation of the maximum filling limit. A minimum operational margin of at least 0,1 per cent is to be considered as indicated in 15.4.1.3.2.

15.4.2 In no case shall a filling limit exceeding 99.5% at reference temperature be permitted.

15.5 Maximum loading limit

15.5.1 The maximum loading limit (LL) to which a cargo tank may be loaded shall be determined by the following formula:

where:

15.5.2 The Administration may allow type C tanks to be loaded according to the formula in 15.5.1 with the relative density ρ_R as defined below, provided that the tank vent system has been approved in accordance with 8.2.18:

This paragraph does not apply to products requiring a type 1G ship.

15.6 Information to be provided to the master

15.6.1 A document shall be provided to the ship, specifying the maximum allowable loading limits for each cargo tank and product, at each applicable loading temperature and maximum reference temperature. The information in this document shall be approved by the Administration or recognized organization acting on its behalf.

LR 15.6-01 The maximum allowable loading limit document may take the form of loading tables or a graphical format for each product.

LR 15.6-02 Where the product being carried is formulated from a number of constituents within a range of concentrations, the composition which provides the most onerous loading limit is to be used.

15.6.2 Pressures at which the PRVs have been set shall also be stated in the document.

15.6.3 A copy of the above document shall be permanently kept on board by the master.