18.3.1 The level of competence and the training
considered necessary in respect of the master and each crew member
shall be laid down and demonstrated in the light of the following
guidelines to the satisfaction of the company in respect of the particular
type and model of craft concerned and the service intended. More than
one crew member shall be trained to perform all essential operational
tasks in both normal and emergency situations.
18.3.2 The Administration shall specify an appropriate
period of operational training for the master and each member of the
crew and, if necessary, the periods at which appropriate retraining
shall be carried out.
18.3.3 The Administration shall issue a type rating
certificate to the master and all officers having an operational role
following an appropriate period of operational/simulator training
and on the conclusion of an examination including practical test commensurate
with the operational tasks on board the particular type and model
of craft concerned and the route followed. The type rating training
shall cover at least the following items:
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.1 knowledge of all on-board propulsion and control
systems, including communication and navigational equipment, steering,
electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic systems and bilge and fire pumping;
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.2 the failure mode of the control, steering and
propulsion systems and proper response to such failures;
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.3 handling characteristics of the craft and the
limiting operational conditions;
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.4 bridge communication and navigation procedures;
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.5 intact and damage stability and survivability
of the craft in damage condition;
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.6 location and use of the craft's life-saving
appliances, including survival craft equipment;
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.7 location and use of escapes in the craft and
the evacuation of passengers;
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.8 location and use of fire protection and fire-extinguishing
appliances and systems in the event of fire on board;
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.9 location and use of damage control appliances
and systems, including operation of watertight doors and bilge pumps;
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.10 cargo and vehicle stowage and securing systems;
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.11 methods for control of and communication with
passengers in an emergency; and
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.12 location and use of all other items listed
in the training manual.
18.3.4 The type rating certificate for a particular
type and model of craft should only be valid for service on the route
to be followed when it is so endorsed by the Administration following
the completion of a practical test over that route.
18.3.5 The type rating certificate shall be re-validated
every two years and the Administration shall lay down the procedures
for re-validation.
18.3.6 All crew members shall receive instructions
and training, as specified in 18.3.3.6 to 18.3.3.12.
18.3.7 The Administration shall specify standards
of physical fitness and frequency of medical examinations, having
regard to the route and craft concerned.
18.3.8 The Administration of the country in which
the craft is to operate, if other than the flag State, shall be satisfied
with the training, experience and qualifications of the master and
each crew member. A valid certificate of competency or a valid license
appropriately endorsed, in accordance with the provisions of the International
Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping
(STCW), 1978, as amended, held by the master or crew member, shall
be acceptable as evidence of satisfactory training and qualification
to the Administration of the country in which the craft is to operate.