Section 1 General requirements

1.1.1 This Section gives the general requirements for hot rolled plates and sections intended for use in the construction of ships, other marine structures, machinery, boilers and pressure vessels.

1.1.2 This Chapter is not applicable to hot rolled bars intended for the manufacture of bolts, plain shafts, etc. by machining operations only. Where used for this purpose, hot rolled bars are to comply with the requirements of Ch 5 Steel Forgings.

1.1.3 Plate and strip which is hot coiled after rolling and subsequently uncoiled, cold flattened and cut to the required dimensions are also subject to the appropriate requirements of this Chapter.

1.1.4 Plates, strip, sections and bars are to be manufactured and tested in accordance with the requirements of Ch 1 General Requirements and Ch 2 Testing Procedures for Metallic Materials, the general requirements of this Section and the appropriate specific requirements given in Sections Ch 3, 2 Normal strength steels for ship and other structural applications to Ch 3, 10 High strength steels for welded structures. Steels differing from the requirements of these Sections in respect of chemical composition, deoxidation practice, condition of supply or mechanical properties may be accepted subject to special approval by LR. Such steels are to be given a special designation, see Ch 3, 1.12 Identification of materials.

1.1.5 As an alternative to Ch 3, 1.1 Scope 1.1.4, materials which comply with National or proprietary specifications may be accepted, provided that these specifications give equivalence to the requirements of this Chapter or are approved for a specific application. Particular attention is to be taken of the minimum required under thickness tolerance, see Ch 3, 1.7 Dimensional tolerances. Generally, survey and certification of such materials are to be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Ch 1 General Requirements.

1.1.6 Steels intended for high heat input welding above 50 kJ/cm are to be specially approved. Approval will be indicated on the manufacturer’s approval certificate by adding a high heat input welding notation to the grade approved e.g. EH36-W300, indicating approval up to 300 kJ/cm.

1.2.1 When plate material, intended for welded construction, will be subject to significant strains in a direction perpendicular to the rolled surfaces, it is recommended that consideration be given to the use of special plate material with specified through thickness properties, 'Z' grade steel. These strains are usually associated with thermal contraction and restraint during welding, particularly for full penetration 'T'-butt welds, but may also be associated with loads applied in service or during construction. Where these strains are of sufficient magnitude, lamellar tearing may occur. Requirements for 'Z' grade plate material are detailed in Ch 3, 8 Plates with specified through thickness properties. It is the responsibility of the fabricator to make provision for the use of this material.

1.2.2 Steels intended to have guaranteed through thickness properties will include the supplementary suffix Z25 or Z35 in the designation, for example: LR DH36 Z35.

1.3.1 This sub-Section refers to normal and higher strength steels that have approved enhanced corrosion resistance properties intended for application in the internal cargo oil tanks of crude oil tankers.

1.3.2 The additional approval procedures for these steels include specific corrosion tests, see Ch 1, 2.2 LR Approval – General and Ch 15, 3 Corrosion Resistant Steels .

1.3.3 Normal and higher strength corrosion resistant steels are to be manufactured, tested and certified in accordance with the applicable requirements detailed in this section, and those of Ch 3, 2 Normal strength steels for ship and other structural applications or Ch 3, 3 Higher strength steels for ship and other structural applications , as applicable, and the requirements detailed in Ch 15, 3 Corrosion Resistant Steels .

1.3.4 Corrosion resistant steels for cargo oil tanks are primarily intended to apply to steel plates, wide flats and sections up to 50 mm thick and to bars up to 50 mm in diameter.

1.3.5 Corrosion resistant steels for cargo oil tanks are to be identified with one of the following supplementary suffixes, RCU, RCB or RCW in the designation, for example, LR DH36 RCB. These suffixes relate to the area of the tank for which approval testing has been obtained:

1. RCU, for the lower surface of strength deck and surrounding structures, defined as the deckhead with complete internal structure, including brackets connecting to longitudinal and transverse bulkheads. In addition:

   1. In tanks with ring frame girder construction the underdeck transverse framing is to be protected down to level of the first tripping bracket below the upper faceplate;

   2. Longitudinal and transverse bulkheads are to be protected to the uppermost means of access level. The uppermost means of access and its supporting brackets are to be fully protected.

   3. On cargo tank bulkheads without an uppermost means of access the protection is to extend to 10 per cent of the tank’s height at centreline but need not extend more than 3 m down from the deck.

2. RCB, for the upper surface of inner bottom plating and surrounding structures, defined as the flat inner bottom and all structure to a height of 0,3 m above inner bottom, is to be protected;

3. RCW, for both strength deck and inner bottom plating.

1.3.6 Corrosion resistant steels are not to be used in applications other than those specified in Ch 3, 1.3 Corrosion resistant steels for cargo oil tanks of crude oil tankers 1.3.1.

1.3.7 The weldability of corrosion resistant steels is similar to conventional normal and higher strength steels. Therefore the welding requirements specified in Ch 11 Approval of Welding Consumables to Ch 13 Requirements for Welded Construction are to be adhered with the exception that each corrosion resistant steel is approved with a specified brand of welding consumable and associated welding process.

1.3.8 Each manufacturer’s approval certificate for corrosion resistant steels will state the steel grade and area of application designation, specified chemical composition range including additive and/or controlling element percentages to improve corrosion resistance, and brand of welding consumables and welding process used for approval.

1.4.1 All materials are to be manufactured at works which have been approved by Clasifications Register for the type and grade of steel which is being supplied and for the relevant steel-making and processing route.

1.4.2 Steel is to be cast in metal ingot moulds or by the continuous casting process. The size of the ingot, billet or slab is to be proportional to the dimensions of the final product such that the reduction ratio is normally to be at least 3 to 1. Sufficient discard is to be taken to ensure soundness in the portion used for further processing.

1.4.3 The cast analysis to be used for certification purposes is to be determined after all alloying additions have been carried out and sufficient time allowed for such an addition to homogenise.

1.4.4 Material may be supplied either as-rolled, normalised, normalising rolled, or thermomechanically controlled rolled. The following definitions apply:

1. As-rolled (AR) refers to steel being cooled as it is rolled with no further heat treatment. The rolling and finishing temperatures are typically in the austenite recrystallisation region and above the normalising temperature. The strength and toughness properties of steel produced by this process are generally less than those of steel heat treated after rolling or steel produced by advanced processes.

2. Normalising (N) refers to an additional heating cycle of rolled steel above the critical temperature, Ac3, and in the lower end of the austenite recrystallisation region for a specific period of time, followed by air cooling. The process improves the mechanical properties of as-rolled steel by refining the grain size and homogenising the microstructure.

3. Normalising rolling (NR), also known as controlled rolling, is a rolling procedure in which the final deformation is carried out in the normalising temperature range, and subsequently cooled in air, resulting in a material condition generally equivalent to that obtained by normalising.

4. Thermomechanically controlled rolling (TM) is a procedure which involves the strict control of both the steel temperature and the rolling reduction. Generally a high proportion of the rolling reduction is carried out close to the A_r3 temperature and may involve the rolling in the dual phase temperature region. Unlike normalising rolling the properties conferred by TM (TMCP) cannot be reproduced by subsequent normalising or other heat treatment. The use of accelerated cooling on completion of TM may also be accepted subject to the special approval by LR.

5. Accelerated Cooling, (AcC) is a process which aims to improve mechanical properties by controlled cooling with rates higher than air cooling immediately after the final TM operation. Direct quenching is excluded from accelerated cooling. The material properties conferred by TM and AcC cannot be reproduced by subsequent normalising or other austenitising heat treatment.

6. Quenching and Tempering (QT) is a heat treatment process in which steel is heated to an appropriate temperature above the A_c3, held for a specific period of time, and then cooled with an appropriate coolant for the purpose of hardening the microstructure, followed by tempering, a process in which the steel is re-heated to an appropriate temperature, not higher than the A_c1, maintained at that temperature for a specific period of time to restore the toughness properties by improving the microstructure and reducing the residual stresses resulting from the quenching process.

1.4.5 Where material is being produced by a normalising rolling or a thermomechanically controlled process (T.M.) an additional program of tests for approval is to be carried out under the supervision of the Surveyors and the results are to be to the satisfaction of LR.

1.4.6 Weldable high strength steels may be supplied in the quenched and tempered condition for other marine structures, see Ch 3, 10 High strength steels for welded structures.

1.5.1 The steel is to be free from surface defects prejudicial to the use of the material for the intended application. The finished material is to have a surface quality in accordance with a recognised standard such as EN 10163-1, EN 10163-2 and EN 10163-3 or an equivalent standard accepted by LR, unless otherwise specified in this Section.

1.5.2 The responsibility for meeting the surface finish requirements rests with the manufacturer of the material, who is to take the necessary manufacturing precautions and is to inspect the products prior to delivery. If, during the subsequent processing operations, surface quality of the material is found to be defective, the materials shall be repaired or rejected.

1.5.4 If agreed by the manufacturer and purchaser, steel can be ordered with higher standards of required surface finish than those shown in Ch 3, 1.5 Surface quality of materials 1.5.3.

1.5.5 The examination and acceptance standard of surface quality and condition requirement of sections, bars and tubulars is to be agreed between the purchaser and the steel maker, and accepted by LR. It then has to be included in the manufacturing specification.

1.6.1 The steel is to be free from segregations and non-metallic inclusions prejudicial to the use of the material for the intended application.

1.6.2 Verification of internal soundness is the responsibility of the manufacturer. The acceptance of internal soundness by the LR Surveyor shall not absolve the manufacturer from this responsibility.

1.7.1 The tolerances on thickness of a given product are defined as:

1. Minus tolerance is the lower limit of the acceptable range below the nominal thickness.

2. Plus tolerance is the upper limit of the acceptable range above the nominal thickness.

Nominal thickness is defined by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and order.

1.7.2 The average thickness of a product or products is defined as the arithmetic mean of the measurements made in accordance with the requirements in Ch 3, 1.7 Dimensional tolerances 1.7.13.

1.7.3 For materials of nominal thickness 5 mm and more intended for hull structural purposes as detailed in Ch 3, 2 Normal strength steels for ship and other structural applications, Ch 3, 3 Higher strength steels for ship and other structural applications and Ch 3, 10 High strength steels for welded structures, the minus tolerance on thickness of plates, strip and wide flats, where the width is greater than or equal to 600 mm, is 0,3 mm, irrespective of nominal thickness. The average thickness of a product or products is not to be less than the nominal thickness. Plus tolerance is to be in accordance with a National or International Standard unless agreed otherwise by LR and the purchaser.

1.7.4 Class C of ISO 7452 or equivalent National or International Standards may be applied in lieu of Ch 3, 1.7 Dimensional tolerances 1.7.3. Where this standard is applied, the steel mill is to ensure that the number of measurements and measurement distribution is appropriate to establish that the plates produced are greater than or equal to the specified nominal thickness.

1.7.5 For materials of nominal thickness below 5 mm intended for hull structural purposes as detailed in Ch 3, 2 Normal strength steels for ship and other structural applications, Ch 3, 3 Higher strength steels for ship and other structural applications and Ch 3, 10 High strength steels for welded structures, the minus tolerances on thickness of plates, strip and wide flats, where the width is greater than or equal to 600 mm, is 0,3 mm. The plus tolerance is to be in accordance with Class B of ISO 7452 or an equivalent National or International Standard.

1.7.6 The minus tolerance on bars and sections (except for wide flats with a width ≥ 600 mm) is to be in accordance with the requirements of a recognised National or International Standard.

1.7.7 The Shipbuilder and Owner may agree in individual cases whether they wish to specify a more stringent minus tolerance than that given in this Chapter.

1.7.8 The dimensional tolerances for the products intended for the construction of lifting appliances are to be agreed with LR.

1.7.9 The minus tolerances for plates and wide flats intended for machinery structures are given in Ch 3, 5 Steels for machinery fabrications.

1.7.10 For materials intended for applications as detailed in Ch 3, 4 Steels for boilers and pressure vessels and Ch 3, 6 Carbon–manganese and nickel alloy steels for low temperature service, no minus tolerance is permitted in the thickness of plates and strip. The minus tolerances on sections are to comply with the requirements of a recognised National or International Standard.

1.7.11 For the materials detailed in Ch 3, 7 Austenitic and duplex stainless steels, the minus tolerance of material intended for use in the construction of cargo tanks is not to exceed 0,3 mm. For other applications, no minus tolerance is permitted in the thickness of plates and strip.

1.7.12 Dimensional tolerances for material detailed in Ch 3, 9 Bars for welded chain cables are given in Table 3.9.3 Dimensional tolerance of bar stock.

1.7.13 The average thickness and thickness tolerance is to be measured at locations of a product or products as defined below:

1. An automated method or manual method may be applied to the thickness measurements. The procedure and the records of measurements are to be made available to the Surveyor and copies provided on request.

2. At least two lines among Line 1, Line 2 or Line 3, as shown in Figure 3.1.1 Location of thickness measuring points, are to be selected for the thickness measurements and at least three points on each selected line as shown in Figure 3.1.1 Location of thickness measuring points are to be selected for thickness measurement on each piece rolled from a single slab or single ingot. If more than three points are taken on each line, then the number of points shall be equal on each line.

3. For automated methods, the measuring points at sides are to be located not less than 10 mm but not greater than 300 mm from the transverse or longitudinal edges of the product.

4. For manual methods, the measuring points at sides are to be located not less than 10 mm but not greater than 100 mm from the transverse or longitudinal edges of the product.

5. Additional measurements may be requested by the Surveyor.

Figure 3.1.1 Location of thickness measuring points

1.7.14 Local surface depressions resulting from imperfections and ground areas resulting from the elimination of defects may be disregarded provided that they are in accordance with the requirements of a recognised National or International Standard.

1.7.15 Tolerances relating to length, width, flatness and plus thickness are to comply with a National or International Standard.

1.7.16 The responsibility for maintaining the required tolerances and making the necessary measurements rests with the manufacturer. Occasional checking by the Surveyor does not absolve the manufacturer from this responsibility.

1.7.17 The Shipbuilder is responsible for the storage and maintenance of product(s) delivered with acceptable surface conditions.

1.8.1 Acceptable conditions of supply are specified in subsequent Sections of this Chapter.

1.8.2 The manufacturer is to carry out any heat treatment which may be necessary to prevent hydrogen cracking or to make the material in a safe condition for transit. The Surveyor is to be advised of any heat treatment proposed.

1.8.3 Where material is manufactured using a thermomechanically controlled process consideration must be given to the possibility of consequent reduction in mechanical properties if it is subjected to heating for forming or stress relieving or is welded using a high heat input.

1.9.1 Depending on the type of product, provision is made in subsequent Sections of this Chapter for the testing of individual items or for batch testing. Where the latter is permitted, all materials in a batch presented for acceptance tests are to be of the same product form, (e.g. plates, flats, sections, etc.), from the same cast and in the same condition of supply.

1.9.2 The test samples are to be fully representative of the material and, where appropriate, are not to be cut from the material until heat treatment has been completed. The test specimens are not to be separately heat treated in any way.

1.9.3 The test material is to be taken from the thickest piece in each batch, see Ch 1, 4.1 General.

1.9.4 Test material is to be taken from the following positions:

1. At the square cut end of plates and flats greater than 600 mm wide, approximately one-quarter width from an edge, see Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material.

2. For flats 600 mm or less in width, bulb flats and other solid sections, at approximately one-third of the width from an edge, see Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material, Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material and Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material. Alternatively, in the case of channels, beams or bulb angles, at approximately one-quarter of the width from the centreline of the web, see Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material.

3. For rectangular hollow sections, at approximately the centre of any side, see Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material. For circular hollow sections, at any position on the periphery.

4. For bars intended for purposes as detailed in Ch 3, 2 Normal strength steels for ship and other structural applications, Ch 3, 3 Higher strength steels for ship and other structural applications, Ch 3, 5 Steels for machinery fabrications and Ch 3, 9 Bars for welded chain cables, at approximately one-third of the radius or half-diagonal from the outer surface, see Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material. For smaller bars, the position of the test material is to be as close as is possible to the above.

5. For bars intended for the applications detailed in Ch 3, 4 Steels for boilers and pressure vessels, Ch 3, 6 Carbon–manganese and nickel alloy steels for low temperature service and Ch 3, 7 Austenitic and duplex stainless steels at approximately 12,5 mm below the surface. For bars up to 25 mm diameter, the test specimens may be machined coaxially.

6. When the capacity of the available testing machine is insufficient, tensile testing is to be carried out in accordance with the requirement of Ch 2, 2.1 Dimensions of test specimens 2.1.6.

1.9.5 Tensile test specimens and impact test specimens, where required for the type and grade of product being supplied, are to be prepared from each item or batch of material submitted for acceptance.

1.9.6 Where the finished width of plates and flats is greater than 600 mm, the tensile test specimens are to be cut with their principal axes perpendicular to the final direction of rolling. For all other rolled products, the principal axes are to be parallel to the final direction of rolling.

1.9.7 The tensile test specimens are to be machined to the dimensions detailed in Ch 2, 2.1 Dimensions of test specimens 2.1.6 and Ch 2, 2.1 Dimensions of test specimens 2.1.7.

1.9.8 Impact test specimens are to be cut with their principal axes either parallel (longitudinal test) or perpendicular (transverse test) to the final direction of rolling, as required by subsequent Sections of this Chapter. Where both longitudinal and transverse impact properties are shown for a particular grade, only the longitudinal test is required to be carried out, unless otherwise specified by the purchase order or subsequent Sections of this Chapter. However, for plates and wide flats, by certifying that the product meets the requirements of the Rules, the manufacturer guarantees that the acceptance values will be met if tested in the transverse direction. The Surveyor may request testing in this direction to confirm conformity.

1.9.9 Impact test specimens are to be of the Charpy V-notch type, machined to the dimensions detailed in Ch 2 Testing Procedures for Metallic Materials. They are to be taken from a position within 2 mm of one of the rolled surfaces, except that for plates and sections over 40 mm thick, the axes of the test specimens are to be at one-quarter of the thickness from one of the rolled surfaces. For bars and other similar products the axes of the test specimens are to be as specified in Ch 3, 1.9 Test material and mechanical tests 1.9.4.(d).

1.9.10 Standard test specimens 10 mm square are to be used, except where the thickness of the material does not allow this size of test specimen to be prepared. In such cases the largest possible size of subsidiary test specimen, in accordance with Table 2.3.1 Dimensions and tolerances for Charpy V-notch impact test specimens is to be prepared, with the notch cut on the narrow face. Alternatively, for material of suitable thickness, the rolled surfaces may be retained so that the test specimen width will be the full thickness of the material. In such cases the tolerances for width given in Table 2.3.1 Dimensions and tolerances for Charpy V-notch impact test specimens in Chapter 2 are not applicable. The notch is to be cut in a face of the test specimen which was originally perpendicular to the rolled surface. The position of the notch is to be not nearer than 25 mm to a flame-cut or sheared edge.

1.9.11 Impact tests are not required when the nominal material thickness is less than 6 mm.

1.9.12 The test procedures used for all tensile and impact tests are to be in accordance with the requirements of Ch 2 Testing Procedures for Metallic Materials.

1.10.1 Surface inspection and verification of dimensions are the responsibility of the steelmaker and are to be carried out on all material prior to despatch. Acceptance by the Surveyors of material later found to be defective shall not absolve the steelmaker from this responsibility.

1.10.2 With the exception of 'Z' grade plate material (see Ch 3, 8 Plates with specified through thickness properties) and bars for offshore mooring cable (see Ch 3, 9 Bars for welded chain cables), the non-destructive examination of materials is not required for acceptance purposes. However, manufacturers are expected to employ suitable methods of non-destructive examination for the general maintenance of quality standards. If agreed by the manufacturer and purchaser that the plates and wide flats products are ordered with an ultrasonic examination requirement, then the examination is to be carried out in accordance with a recognised standard accepted by LR, which is then to be included in the manufacturing specification.

Figure 3.1.2 Position of test material

1.10.3 Advanced NDE methods, as described in Ch 1, 5.11 Advanced NDE methods, may be applied to rolled steel components, as appropriate to the material type, thickness, complexity and geometry, in lieu of or complementary to existing NDE methods, as applicable.

1.10.4 Verification of results of visual and non-destructive examination is the responsibility of the manufacturer. The acceptance of internal soundness by the LR Surveyor shall not absolve the manufacturer from this responsibility.

1.11.1 For materials intended for structural purposes as detailed in Ch 3, 2 Normal strength steels for ship and other structural applications, Ch 3, 3 Higher strength steels for ship and other structural applications and Ch 3, 5 Steels for machinery fabrications, surface defects may be removed by local grinding provided that:

1. the thickness is in no place reduced to less than 93 per cent of the nominal thickness, but in no case by more than 3 mm,

2. each single ground area does not exceed 0,25 m²,

3. the total area of local grinding does not exceed two per cent of the total surface,

4. adjacent ground areas, lying within a distance of less than their average breadth to each other, are to be regarded as one single area,

5. ground areas lying opposite each other on both surfaces shall not decrease the product thickness by values exceeding the limits as stated under Ch 3, 1.11 Rectification of defects 1.11.1.(a),

6. the ground areas have smooth transitions to the surrounding surface.

Where necessary, the entire surface may be ground to a maximum depth as given by the underthickness tolerances of the product. The extent of such rectification is to be agreed in each case with the Surveyors and is to be carried out under their supervision, unless otherwise agreed. They may request that complete removal of the defect is proven by suitable non-destructive examination of the affected area.

1.11.2 Surface defects which cannot be dealt with as in Ch 3, 1.11 Rectification of defects 1.11.1 may be repaired by chipping or grinding followed by welding, subject to the Surveyor's consent and under his supervision, provided that:

1. after removal of the defect and before welding, the thickness of the item is in no place reduced by more than 20 per cent,

2. each single weld does not exceed 0,125 m²,

3. the total area of welding does not exceed two per cent of the surface of the side involved,

4. the distance between any two welds is not less than their average width,

5. the welds are of reasonable size and made with an excess layer of beads which is then ground smooth to the surface level,

6. elimination of the defect is proven by suitable non-destructive examination of the affected area,

7. welding is carried out by an approved procedure and by competent operators using approved low hydrogen type electrodes and the repaired area is ground smooth to the correct nominal thickness,

8. when requested by the Surveyor, the item is normalised or otherwise suitably heat treated after welding and grinding, and

9. at the discretion of the Surveyor, the repaired area is proven free from defects by suitable non-destructive examination.

1.11.3 For materials intended for applications as detailed in Ch 3, 4 Steels for boilers and pressure vessels, Ch 3, 6 Carbon–manganese and nickel alloy steels for low temperature service and Ch 3, 7 Austenitic and duplex stainless steels, surface defects may be removed by grinding in accordance with Ch 3, 1.11 Rectification of defects 1.11.1, except that when the thickness is reduced below that given in the approved plans, acceptance will be subject to special consideration. Weld repairs may also be carried out generally in accordance with Ch 3, 1.11 Rectification of defects 1.11.2, except that in all cases suitable heat treatment after welding and non-destructive testing of the repaired areas is required. The fabricator is to be advised regarding the position and extent of all repairs.

1.11.4 For plates which have been produced by a T.M. process or by normalising rolling, repair by welding will be approved by the Surveyor only after procedure tests have shown that the mechanical properties have not been impaired.

1.11.5 Cracks, shells, sand patches and sharp edged seams are always considered defects which would impair the end use of the product and which require rejection or repair irrespective of their size and number. The same applies to other imperfections exceeding the acceptable limits.

1.12.1 Every finished item is to be clearly marked by the manufacturer in at least one place with LR's brand (see Figure 3.1.3 LR Brand) and the following particulars:

1. The manufacturer's name or trade mark.

2. The grade of steel. The designations given in subsequent Sections of this Chapter may be preceded by the letters 'LR' in order to fully describe the grade, e.g. LR A, LR 490FG. LR LT-FH40, LR 316L , etc.

3. When the material complies with the requirements of Ch 3, 8 Plates with specified through thickness properties, the grade is to include the suffix Z25 or Z35, e.g. LR AH36 Z35.

4. Identification number and/or initials which will enable the full history of the item to be traced.

5. If required by the purchaser, his order number or other identification mark.

6. Steels which have been specially approved and which differ from the requirements in this chapter are to have the letter `S' after the agreed identification mark.

The above particulars, but excluding the manufacturer's name or trade mark where this is embossed on finished products, are to be encircled with paint or otherwise marked so as to be easily recognisable.

1.12.2 Where a number of light similar or identical products, such as sections and bars, weighting ≤ 50 kg per meter, are securely fastened together in bundles, the manufacturer may brand only each bundle. A firmly fastened durable label containing the identification may be attached to each bundle.

1.12.3 In the event of any material bearing LR's brand failing to comply with the test requirements, the brand is to be unmistakably defaced, see also Ch 1, 4.8 Identification of materials.

Figure 3.1.3 LR Brand

1.13.1 Unless a LR certificate is specified in other parts of the Rules, a manufacturer’s certificate validated by LR is to be issued (see Ch 1, 3.1 General) and is to include the following particulars:

1. Purchaser's name and order number.

2. If known, the contract number for which the material is intended.

3. Address to which material is dispatched.

4. Name of steelworks.

5. Description and dimensions of the material.

6. Specification or grade of the steel.

7. Identification number of piece, including test specimen number where appropriate.

8. Cast number and chemical composition of ladle samples.

9. Mechanical test results (not required on shipping statements).

10. Condition of supply.

1.13.2 Before the test certificates are signed by the Surveyor, the steelmaker is required to provide a written declaration stating that the material has been made by an approved process, and that it has been subjected to and has withstood satisfactorily the required tests in the presence of the Surveyor, or an authorised deputy. The following form of declaration will be accepted if stamped or printed on each test certificate with the name of the steelworks and signed by an authorised representative of the manufacturer:

`We hereby certify that the material has been made by an approved process and satisfactorily tested in accordance with the Rules of Clasifications Register'.

1.13.3 When steel is not produced at the works at which it is rolled, a certificate is to be supplied by the steelmaker stating the process of manufacture, the cast number and the chemical composition of ladle samples. The works at which the steel was produced must be approved by LR.

1.13.4 The manufacturer of coiled plate is required to issue a certificate which clearly identifies the material as coil. The certificate issued should include the words; ‘Coils covered by this certificate require further processing at a works approved by Clasifications Register before being certified as plate in accordance with the Rules of Clasifications Register’ in addition to the requirements of Ch 3, 1.13 Certification of materials 1.13.2.

1.13.5 The supplier of plate cut from coil is required to issue a certificate validated by the LR Surveyor which clearly identifies the product as finished plate meeting the requirements of the Rules in accordance with Ch 3, 1.13 Certification of materials 1.13.2.

1.13.6 The form of certificates produced by computer systems is to be agreed with the Surveyor.