Section 19 Ship safety systems

19.1.1 Power operated sliding watertight doors including power supply, power supply availability, control, indication and alarm circuits for passenger ships are to comply with SOLAS Ch II-1, Regulation 13.7.1 to 13.7.8.

19.1.2 The enclosures of electrical components including their electric control cables for passenger ships are to be in compliance with SOLAS Ch II-1, Regulation 13.7.6

19.1.3 For passenger ships, an audible alarm and where required supplemented by a visual signal at the door when the watertight doors are operated from remote is to be in accordance with SOLAS Ch II-1, Regulation 13.7.1.6.

19.1.4 For the necessity of a centralised operating console located on the navigation bridge on passenger vessels, it is to comply with SOLAS Ch II-1, Regulation 13.8.1 to 13.8.3.

19.1.5 The sliding watertight doors on cargo ships are to comply with the following requirements:

1. SOLAS Ch II-1, Regulation 13-1 - Openings in watertight bulkheads and internal decks in cargo ships.
2. Provisions are to be made as follows:
   1. The electrical power required for power-operated sliding watertight doors is to be separate from any other power circuit and supplied from the emergency switchboard either directly or by a dedicated distribution board situated above the bulkhead deck. The associated control, indication and alarm circuits are to be supplied from the emergency switchboard either directly or by a dedicated distribution board situated above the bulkhead deck.
   2. A single failure in the power operating or control system of power-operated sliding watertight doors is not to result in a closed door opening or preventing the hand operation of any door.
   3. Availability of the power supply is to be continuously monitored at a point in the electrical circuit adjacent to the door operating equipment. Loss of any such power supply is to activate an audible and visual alarm at the central operating console on the navigating bridge.
   4. Electrical power, control, indication and alarm circuits are to be protected against fault in such a way that a failure in one door circuit will not cause a failure in any other door circuit. Short-circuits or other faults in the alarm or indicator circuits of a door are not to result in a loss of power operation of the door. Arrangements are to be such that leakage of water into the electrical equipment located below the bulkhead deck will not cause the door to open.
   5. The enclosures of electrical components necessarily situated below the bulkhead deck are to provide suitable protection against the ingress of water with ratings as defined in IEC 60529: Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code), or an acceptable and relevant National Standard, are as follows:
      1. Electrical motors, associated circuits and control components, protected to IPX7 Standard.
      2. Door position indicators and associated circuit components protected to IPX8 Standard, where the water pressure testing of the enclosures is to be based on the pressure that can occur at the location of the component during flooding for a period of 36 hours.
      3. Door movement warning signals, protected to IPX6 Standard.
   6. Watertight door electrical controls including their electric cables are to be kept as close as is practicable to the bulkhead in which the doors are fitted and so arranged that the likelihood of them being involved in any damage which the ship can sustain is minimised.
   7. An audible alarm, distinct from any other alarm in the area, is to sound whenever the door is closed remotely by power, and sound for at least five seconds but no more than ten seconds before the door begins to move and is to continue sounding until the door is completely closed. The audible alarm is to be supplemented by an intermittent visual signal at the door and in areas where the noise level exceeds 85 dB(A).
   8. Sliding watertight doors on cargo ships are to be capable of being remotely closed from the bridge and are also to be operable locally from each side of the bulkhead. Indicators are to be provided at the control position showing whether the doors are open or closed, and an audible alarm is to be provided at the door closure.

19.2.1 The requirements of Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.2 to Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.14 apply to all stern and side shell doors, bow doors and inner doors, giving access to vehicle decks, and subdivision doors, in accordance with Pt 4, Ch 2, 9 Subdivision structure on vehicle deck, on all ships except where otherwise stated in Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.11 and Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.12.

19.2.2 A notice is to be displayed at the operating panel stating that the door is to be fully closed, secured and locked preferably before, or immediately the ship leaves the berth and that this operation is to be entered in the ship's log.

19.2.3 Control positions are to be provided with a system of warning indicator lights. The system is to provide positive indication that the door is fully closed, secured and locked. The indication arrangements are to be 'fail-safe' such that in the event of a fault the system cannot incorrectly indicate that the doors are fully closed, secured or locked.

19.2.4 The indication system is to be arranged such that it functions independently of any system for door operation, securing and locking.

19.2.5 The electrical power supply for the indication system is to be independent of any electrical power supply for operating, securing and locking the doors.

19.2.6 The indication system is to be fed from two exclusive circuits, one from the main source of electrical power and one from the emergency source of electrical power with automatic changeover facilities located adjacent to the panel. Loss of either active or standby power supply is to initiate an audible and visual alarm on the navigation bridge.

19.2.7 The indicator panel is to be provided with a lamp test function. It is not to be possible to turn off the indication lights at the panel. Dimming facilities may be provided, but the indications are to remain clearly readable under all operating lighting conditions.

19.2.8 Means are to be provided to prevent unauthorised operation of the doors and associated securing and locking devices.

19.2.9 Detection of door position and securing and locking device status is to be by direct sensing of proximity, contact or equivalent, not inferred from actuator positions. Sensors are to be protected against ice formation, mechanical damage and water ingress to be not less than IPX6 Standard as defined in IEC 60529: Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code), or an acceptable and relevant National Standard.

19.2.10 Where a strongback or equivalent independent secondary means of securing an inwardly opening door is required, these need not be monitored by the indication system providing their correct positioning can be easily observed from the control position.

19.2.11 Doors with a clear opening area of 12 m² or greater are to be provided with closing devices operable from a remote control position. Doors which are located partly or totally below the freeboard deck with a clear opening area greater than 6 m² are to be provided with an arrangement for remote control from a position above the freeboard deck. This remote control is to provide centralised control for:

1. The closing and opening of the doors.

2. Associated securing and locking devices.

19.2.12 Bow doors and inner doors, giving access to vehicle decks, and subdivision doors are to be provided with an arrangement for remote control from a position above the freeboard deck, providing centralised control for:

1. the closing and opening of the doors; and

2. associated securing and locking devices.

19.2.13 The location of the remote control panel is to be such that door operation can be easily observed by the operator or by other suitable means such as closed circuit television. Where remote control is required, television surveillance or other such means may satisfy this requirement.

19.2.14 A drainage system is to be arranged in the area between bow door and ramp or, where no ramp is fitted, between the bow door and inner door. The system is to be equipped with an audible alarm function on the navigation bridge being set off when the water levels in these areas exceed 0,5 m.

19.2.15 The additional requirements of Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.16 to Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.22 apply to stern and side shell doors in the boundaries of special category spaces or ro-ro cargo spaces through which such spaces may be flooded, and to bow doors and inner doors. For cargo ships, where no part of the door is below the uppermost waterline and the area of the door opening is not greater than 6 m², the requirements of Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.16to Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors 19.2.22 need not be applied.

19.2.16 An indicator panel is to be located on the navigating bridge, providing separate visual indications of the position of each door and the status of their associated securing/locking devices.

19.2.17 The indication system is to be provided with a 'harbour/sea voyage' mode selection function, with means of operation located on or adjacent to the navigating bridge indication panel. The selected mode is to be displayed on all indicator panels. An audible alarm is to be initiated on the navigating bridge if the ship leaves the harbour with any door not fully closed or not fully secured. Where practical, the alarm should be initiated immediately the ship leaves the berth. Audible alarms are to be silenced in the 'harbour' mode. Visual indications are to remain operational in either mode.

19.2.18 An audible and visual alarm is to be given on the navigation bridge in the event of any fault within the indication system.

19.2.19 An audible and visual alarm is to be initiated on the navigation bridge and the engine control room, or an equivalent attended position, in the event of leakage through the doors.

19.2.20 Television surveillance arrangements are to be provided to enable the positions of bow doors and inner doors, and a sufficient number of their closing devices, to be monitored from the navigation bridge and the engine control room, or an equivalent attended position. The television surveillance arrangements are also to allow leakage through the bow doors and inner doors to be assessed from the same positions in the event of leakage through the doors. Special consideration is to be given to the lighting and contrasting colour of objects under surveillance.

19.2.21 For passenger ships, television surveillance arrangements are to be provided to allow leakage through stern and side shell doors below the freeboard deck to be assessed from the navigation bridge and the engine control room, or equivalent attended position.

19.2.22 The electrical power supply for surveillance lighting is to be independent of any electrical power supply for operating, securing and locking the doors.

19.3.1 Where subdivision doors are provided on passenger ship vehicle decks in accordance with Pt 4, Ch 2, 9 Subdivision structure on vehicle deck, the control and monitoring arrangements for these doors are to generally comply with Pt 6, Ch 2, 19.2 Stern and side shell doors and bow and inner doors.

19.4.1 Where the bilge pumps for the holds of open-top container ships are electrically driven one pump is to be supplied from the emergency switchboard, the remaining pumps are to be supplied from the main source of electrical power, independent of the emergency switchboard.