Section 1 Requirements for machinery and engineering systems of unconventional design
Clasification Society 2024 - Version 9.40
Clasifications Register Rules and Regulations - Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022 - Part 7 Other Ship Types and Systems - Chapter 14 Requirements for Machinery and Engineering Systems of Unconventional Design - Section 1 Requirements for machinery and engineering systems of unconventional design

Section 1 Requirements for machinery and engineering systems of unconventional design

Parent topic: Chapter 14 Requirements for Machinery and Engineering Systems of Unconventional Design

1.1 General - Scope and objectives

1.1.1 Consistent with the aims of the IMO guidelines for Formal Safety Assessment (MSC-MEPC. 2/Circ.12), the requirements of this Section aim to ensure that risks to maritime safety and the environment, stemming from the introduction of machinery or engineering systems of unconventional design, are addressed insofar as they affect the objectives of classification.

1.1.2 The requirements of this section are to be satisfied where:

  1. machinery is required to be constructed, installed and tested in accordance with Lloyds Register's (hereinafter referred to as LR) Rules and Regulations and for which the corresponding machinery class notation is to be assigned (see Pt 1, Ch 2, 2.4 Class notations (machinery)), and,

  2. the machinery and engineering systems are considered by LR to be of an unconventional design and which, as a result, are not directly addressed by LR's extant Rules and Regulations.

1.1.3 It is to be noted that as well as the requirements of this section, the general requirements of LR's Rules and Regulations are also to be satisfied as far as they are applicable.

1.1.4 Compliance with ISO15288 Systems Engineering - System Life Cycle Processes or an acceptable equivalent national standard may be accepted as meeting the requirements of Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.3 Project Managementto Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.11 Validation (certification and survey).

1.2 Information to be submitted

1.2.1 Information is to be submitted for assessment of compliance with the general requirements of LR's Rules and Regulations, including the general requirements for:

  1. Machinery, see Pt 5, Ch 1 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Machinery.

  2. Steam raising plant and pressure vessels, see Pt 5, Ch 10 Steam Raising Plant and Associated Pressure Vessels.

  3. Machinery and ship piping systems, see Pt 5, Ch 12 Piping Design Requirementsto Pt 5, Ch 14 Machinery Piping Systems.

  4. Control engineering, see Pt 6, Ch 1 Control Engineering Systems.

  5. Electrical engineering see Pt 6, Ch 2 Electrical Engineering.

  6. Materials, see Rules for the Manufacture, Testing and Certification of Materials, July 2022 .

1.2.2 In addition to the information identified in Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.2 Information to be submitted 1.2.1, the information described in Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.2 Information to be submitted 1.2.3 and Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.2 Information to be submitted 1.2.4 is also to be submitted for consideration.

1.2.3 General description detailing the extent of the machinery or engineering system, the shipboard services it is to provide, its operating principles, and its functionality and capability when operating in the environment to which it is likely to be exposed under both normal and foreseeable abnormal conditions. The general description is to be supported by the following information as applicable:

  1. System block diagram.

  2. Piping and instrumentation diagrams.

  3. Description of operating modes, including: Start-up, shut-down, automatic, reversionary, manual and emergency.

  4. Description of safety related arrangements, including: Safeguards, automatic safety systems and interfaces with ships safety systems.

  5. Description of connections to other shipboard machinery, equipment and systems, including: Electrical, mechanical, fluids and automation.

  6. Plans of physical arrangements, including: Location, operational access and maintenance access.

  7. Operating manuals, including:

    Instructions for start-up, operation, shut-down, instructions for maintenance, instructions for adjustments to the performance and functionality and details of risk mitigation arrangements.

  8. Maintenance manuals, including:

    Instructions for routine maintenance, repair following failure, disposal of components and recommended spares inventory.

1.2.4 Project process documentation including:

  1. Project Management Plan, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.3 Project Management.

  2. Requirements Definition Document, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.4 Requirements definition.

  3. Quality Assurance Plan, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.5 Quality assurance.

  4. Design Definition Document, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.6 Design definition.

  5. Risk Management Plan, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.7 Risk management.

  6. Configuration Management Plan, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.8 Configuration management.

  7. Verification Plan, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.9 Verification.

  8. Integration Plan, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.10 Integration.

  9. Validation Plan, certification and survey, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.11 Validation (certification and survey).

1.3 Project Management

1.3.1 A project management procedure is to be established in order to define and manage the key project processes. The project processes are to include the processes described in Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.4 Requirements definition to Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.11 Validation (certification and survey).

1.3.2 For the entire project, and each of the processes within the project, the project management procedure is to define the following:

  1. Activities to be carried out.

  2. Required inputs and outputs.

  3. Roles of key personnel.

  4. Responsibilities of key personnel.

  5. Competence of key personnel.

  6. Schedules for the activities.

1.4 Requirements definition

1.4.1 A requirements definition procedure is to be established in order to define the functional behaviour and performance of the machinery or engineering system required by individual stakeholders, in the environments to which the machinery or engineering system is likely to be exposed under both normal and foreseeable emergency conditions.

1.4.2 The procedure is to take account of requirements resulting from key stakeholders, including:

  1. Ship's owner.

  2. Ship's operator.

  3. Ship's crew.

  4. Shipyard.

  5. Systems integrator.

  6. Designers.

  7. Maintenance personnel

  8. Surveyors

  9. Manufacturers and suppliers.

  10. National Administration.

  11. LR.

1.4.3 The procedure is to take account of requirements resulting from the following influences:

  1. Ship operations, including:

    Underway, manoeuvring, pilotage, docking, alongside and training exercises.

  2. Ship conditions, including:

    Normal operation, abnormal operation, blackout, deadship, fire in a single compartment and flooding of a single compartment.

  3. Environmental conditions, including:

    Temperature, humidity, water spray, salt mist, vibration, shock, inclination, electrical fields and magnetic fields.

  4. Applicable provisions, including:

    Statutory legislation, classification requirements, international standards, national standards and codes of practice.

  5. Expected users, including:

    Multi-national users with a range of national languages and cultures, fatigued users, users without dedicated training, and maintenance and survey personnel.

  6. Design, construction and operational constraints, including:

    Effect of particular design decisions or component choices on other aspects of design, risk and production engineering compromises, verification, integration and validation considerations, maintenance and disposal, and changes in use.

1.4.4 The procedure is to specify the functional behaviour and performance requirements and is to identify the source of the requirements.

1.5 Quality assurance

1.5.1 A quality assurance procedure is to be established in order to ensure that the quality of the machinery or engineering system is in accordance with a defined quality management system.

1.5.2 The procedure is to define the specific quality controls to be applied during the project in order to satisfy the requirements of the quality management system.

1.5.3 The quality management system is to satisfy the requirements of ISO9001:2000 Quality management systems – Requirements, or an equivalent acceptable National Standard.

1.6 Design definition

1.6.1 A design definition procedure is to be established in order to define the requirements for the design of machinery or an engineering system which satisfies stakeholder requirements, quality assurance requirements and complies with basic internationally recognised design requirements for safety and functionality.

1.6.2 The procedure is to ensure that the design of the machinery or engineering system satisfies:

  1. Statutory legislation.

  2. LR's requirements.

  3. International Standards and Codes of Practice where relevant.

1.6.3 The procedure is to take account of stakeholder requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.4 Requirements definition.

1.6.4 The procedure is to take account of quality assurance requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.5 Quality assurance.

1.6.5 The procedure is to ensure that the requirements for the design of major components and subsystems of the machinery or engineering system can be verified before and after integration.

1.6.6 The procedure is to specify the design requirements and is to identify the source of the requirements.

1.6.7 Any deviations from stakeholder requirements are to be identified, justified and accepted by the originating stakeholder.

1.7 Risk management

1.7.1 A risk management procedure is to be established in order to ensure that any risks stemming from the introduction of the machinery or engineering system are addressed, in particular risks affecting:

  1. The structural strength and integrity of the ship's hull.

  2. The safety of shipboard machinery and engineering systems.

  3. The safety of shipboard personnel.

  4. The reliability of essential and emergency machinery and engineering systems.

  5. The environment.

1.7.2 The procedure is to consider the hazards associated with installation, operation, maintenance and disposal, both with the machinery or engineering system functioning correctly and following any reasonably foreseeable failure.

1.7.3 The procedure is to take account of stakeholder requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.4 Requirements definition.

1.7.4 The procedure is to take account of design requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.6 Design definition.

1.7.5 The procedure is to ensure that hazards are identified using acceptable and recognised hazard identification techniques, and that the effects of the following influences are considered:

  1. Ship operations, including:

    Underway, manoeuvring, pilotage, docking, alongside and maintenance, commissioning and trials.

  2. Ship conditions, including:

    Normal operation, blackout, dead-ship, fire in a single compartment and flooding of a single compartment.

  3. Modes of operation, including:

    Start-up, running, shut-down, automatic, reversionary, manual and emergency.

  4. Environmental conditions, including:

    Temperature, humidity, water spray, salt mist, vibration, shock, inclination, electrical fields and magnetic fields.

  5. Dependencies, including:

    Power, fuel, air, cooling, heating, data and human input.

  6. Environmental impact, including:

    Emissions to air, discharges to water, noise and waste products.

  7. Failures, including:

    Human error, supply failure, system, machinery, equipment and component failure, random, systematic and common cause failures.

1.7.6 The procedure is to ensure that risks are analysed using acceptable and recognised risk analysis techniques and that the following effects are considered:

  1. Local effects:

    Loss of function, component damage, fire, explosion, electric shock, harmful releases and hazardous releases.

  2. End effects on:

    Services essential to the safety of the ship, services essential to the safety of shipboard personnel and services essential to the protection of the environment.

1.7.7 The procedure is to ensure that risks are eliminated wherever possible. Risks which cannot be eliminated are to be mitigated as necessary.

1.7.8 Details of risks, and the means by which they are mitigated, are to be included in the operating manual, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.2 Information to be submitted 1.2.3.

1.8 Configuration management

1.8.1 A configuration management procedure is to be established in order to ensure traceability of the configuration of the machinery or engineering system, its subsystems and its components.

1.8.2 The procedure is to identify items essential for the safety or operation of the machinery or engineering system (configuration control items) which could foreseeably be changed during the lifetime of the machinery or engineering system, including:

  1. Documentation.

  2. Software.

  3. Sensors.

  4. Actuators.

  5. Instrumentation.

  6. Valves.

  7. Pumps

1.8.3 The procedure is to take account of the design requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.6 Design definition.

1.8.4 The procedure is to include items used to mitigate risks, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.7 Risk management.

1.8.5 The procedure is to ensure that any changes to configuration control items are:

  1. Identified.

  2. Recorded.

  3. Evaluated.

  4. Approved.

  5. Incorporated.

  6. Verified.

1.9 Verification

1.9.1 A verification procedure is to be established in order to ensure that subsystems and major components of the machinery or engineering system satisfy their design requirements.

1.9.2 The procedure is to verify design requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.6 Design definition.

1.9.3 The procedure is to identify the requirements to be verified, the means by which they are to be verified, and the points in the project at which verification is to be carried out.

1.9.4 The procedure is to be based on one or a combination of the following activities as appropriate:

  1. Design review.

  2. Product inspection.

  3. Process audit.

  4. Product testing.

1.10 Integration

1.10.1 An integration procedure is to be established in order to ensure that the machinery or engineering system is assembled in a sequence which allows verification of individual subsystems and major components following integration in advance of validating the entire machinery or engineering system.

1.10.2 The procedure is to take account of the verification requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.9 Verification.

1.10.3 The procedure is to identify the subsystems and major components, the sequence in which they are to be integrated, the points in the project at which integration is to be carried out, and the points in the project at which verification is to be carried out.

1.11 Validation (certification and survey)

1.11.1 A validation procedure is to be established in order to ensure the functional behaviour and performance of the machinery or engineering system meets with its functional and performance requirements.

1.11.2 The procedure is to validate stakeholder requirements, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.4 Requirements definition.

1.11.3 The procedure is to validate arrangements required to mitigate risks, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.7 Risk management.

1.11.4 The procedure is to validate the traceability of the configuration control items, see Pt 7, Ch 14, 1.8 Configuration management.

1.11.5 The procedure is to identify the requirements to be validated, the means by which they are be validated and the points in the project at which validation is to be carried out, including:

  1. Factory acceptance testing.

  2. Integration testing.

  3. Commissioning.

  4. Sea trials.

  5. Survey.
Copyright 2022 Clasifications Register Group Limited, International Maritime Organization, International Labour Organization or Maritime and Coastguard Agency. All rights reserved. Clasifications Register Group Limited, its affiliates and subsidiaries and their respective officers, employees or agents are, individually and collectively, referred to in this clause as 'Clasifications Register'. Clasifications Register assumes no responsibility and shall not be liable to any person for any loss, damage or expense caused by reliance on the information or advice in this document or howsoever provided, unless that person has signed a contract with the relevant Clasifications Register entity for the provision of this information or advice and in that case any responsibility or liability is exclusively on the terms and conditions set out in that contract.