Section 3 Definitions

3.1.1  Escape. Movement of personnel to a designated place of safety on board. (This may be co-ordinated movement or the action of individuals. Since this is mainly concerned with the flow of personnel through the ship it may also be taken to include normal access).

3.1.2  Evacuation. Movement of all personnel to a survival craft in case of an emergency.

3.1.3  Rescue. Process by which personnel are taken to an ultimate point of safety. (This definition does not include the ability to conduct Search and Rescue but covers the ability to locate and rescue personnel in an emergency). (Search is covered by the SNC notation, see Vol 3, Pt 2, Ch 5 Safety of Navigation and Communication).

3.1.4  Ultimate point(s) of safety is/are to be declared in the Design Disclosure, and can, amongst other things, be another vessel, aircraft or dry land.

3.1.5  Designated place(s) of safety is/are to be declared in the Design Disclosure. These are to be places on board the vessel which may be reasonably expected to be used as platforms for evacuation following escape.

3.1.6  Emergency access arrangements allowing for movement of personnel within the ship for the purposes of damage control and fire-fighting.

3.1.7  Alternative design and arrangements mean safety and pollution prevention measures which deviate from any prescriptive requirement(s) of these Rules, but are acceptable to LR to satisfy the objective(s) and the functional requirements of the relevant Chapter. The term includes a wide range of measures, including alternative shipboard structures and systems based on novel or unique designs, as well as traditional shipboard structures and systems that are installed in alternative arrangements or configurations. Depending on the nature and extent of the deviation, it will be accepted in accordance with Vol 3, Pt 2, Ch 1, 6.2 Alternative arrangements and calculation methods.

3.1.8  Design hazard means an engineering description of a hazard which is identified at the design stage.

3.1.9  Design scenario means a set of conditions and incidents which may reasonably be expected to occur during the life of a system. These conditions and incidences are to be used in identifying the design hazards.

3.1.10  Functional requirements explain, in general terms, what function the ship and shipboard systems/equipment must provide in order to meet the safety objectives of these Rules.

3.1.11  Hazard identification is the process whereby all hazards identified at the design stage are catalogued.

3.1.12  Locating signals are radio transmissions intended to facilitate the finding of a mobile unit in distress or the location of survivors. These signals include those transmitted by searching units, and those transmitted by the mobile unit in distress, by survival craft, by float-free EPIRBs (Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacons), by satellite EPIRBs and by search-and-rescue radar transponders to assist the researching units.

3.1.13  Performance criteria are measurable quantities stated in engineering terms to be used to judge the adequacy of trial designs.

3.1.14 Personnel:

1. Crew. All personnel on board the ship for its operational role. This includes personnel for navigation and maintenance of the ship, its machinery and weapons/aircraft systems. Naval trainees on board for the purpose of training in naval operations identified in the previous sentence are also within the scope of the definition of crew.

2. Embarked personnel. Additional personnel other than crew, embarked on the ship for a specific task or purpose or for military purposes. Such personnel may include additional specialised maintenance personnel for ship systems, technicians on trials during normal operation, aircraft crew, and military personnel on a mission which may be any naval related activity under naval command including trials, training, humanitarian aid and military activities.

3. Passengers is every person other than the crew and embarked personnel.

3.1.15  Safety margin means adjustments made to allow for uncertainties in the methods and assumptions used to evaluate an alternative design, see Vol 3, Pt 2, Ch 1, 3.1 Safety equipment and arrangements 3.1.7, e.g. in the determination of performance criteria or in the engineering models used to assess the consequences of a hazard.

3.1.16  Sensitivity analysis means an analysis to determine the effect of changes in individual input parameters on the results of a given model or calculation method.

3.1.17  Survival craft. A survival craft is a craft capable of sustaining the lives of personnel in distress from the time of evacuating the ship. This may include supporting ships and aircraft.

3.1.18  Gross tonnage (GT) of a ship is to be determined for the purposes of these Rules, by the following formula:

where

3.1.19  Fire zones are those sections into which the hull, superstructure and deckhouses are divided by fire resistant divisions. Fire resistant divisions are those which are installed and/or protected for the purpose of restricting the spread of fire.