The Operations and Equipment Manual must be to the satisfaction
of the Administration and shall contain the following information
and operational instructions:
(a) The complete text of the revised Specifications
for the Design, Operation and Control of Crude Oil Washing Systems.
(b) A line drawing of the crude oil washing system
showing the respective position of pumps, lines and washing machines
which relate to the crude oil washing system.
(c) A description of the system and a listing
of procedures for checking that equipment is working properly during
crude oil washing operations. This shall include a listing of the
system and equipment parameters to be monitored, such as line pressure,
oxygen level, machine revolutions, duration of cycles, etc. The established
values for these parameters shall be included. The results of the
tests carried out in accordance with 4.2.10 and
the values of all parameters monitored during such tests shall also
be included.
(d) Details of the requirements of section 6 of these Specifications together with
advice and instructions, where appropriate, in meeting these requirements
such as:
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(i) Recommended methods and programmes of crude
oil washing in order to accord with all foreseeable circumstances
of cargo discharge restraints and to obtain maximum trim during the
completion of washing and draining of each tank.
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(ii) The procedure on ships to avoid vapour emission
in accordance with 6.8.
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(iii) The method of draining tanks which shall
include information on optimum trim conditions as required by 4.4.10.
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(iv) The method of draining cargo pumps, cargo
lines, crude oil washing lines and stripping lines, the identification
of spaces into which they may be drained and procedures for discharge
ashore of drainings and strippings via the small diameter discharge
line on completion of cargo discharge.
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(v) Typical washing programmes under various conditions
of loading specifying:
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(1) The tanks to be washed in accordance with 6.1;
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(2) The method for washing each tank, that is
single or multi-stage;
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(3) The number of tank washing machines to be
used simultaneously;
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(4) The duration of the crude oil wash and water
rinse where the latter is appropriate;
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(5) The volume of water used for water rinse,
which shall be at least equal to that used in the water rinse prior
to the inspection required by 3.2 and 4.2.10; and
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(6) The preferred order in which the tanks are
to be washed.
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(vi) The procedure for draining and stripping,
where appropriate, cargo lines and pumps before being used for the
loading of departure ballast.
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(vii) The procedure for water washing lines before
discharge of departure ballast and the loading and final discharge
of arrival ballast.
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(viii) The procedure for verifying by sound patterns
that bottom mounted machines are operating shall be carried out towards
the end of the wash cycle for each tank. When carrying out such verification
all other machines shall be shut down if necessary.
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(ix) Precise details of procedure to ensure compliance
with Regulation 9 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 in the discharge of departure
ballast, the water flushing of lines and the decanting of the slop
tanks at sea.
(e) The dangers of leakage from the crude oil
washing system and the precautions necessary to prevent leakage and
the action to be taken in the event of a leakage. Guidance shall be
given on how the crude oil washing system is to be operationally tested
for leakage before each discharge.
(f) The method of preventing the entry of oil
to the engine room through steam heaters as required by 4.1.6.
(g) The personnel required at all times to conduct
the dual operation of discharging cargo and crude oil washing. The
numbers of such personnel shall include:
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(i) The person meeting the requirements of 5.2 who will have overall control of the crude
oil washing process;
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(ii) Those persons meeting the requirements of 5.3 who will be expected to undertake the actual
operation; and
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(iii) At least one person on deck at all times
during washing to keep watch for leaks and malfunctioning of equipment,
to test the oxygen content of tanks before washing, to check tank
atmosphere pressure, to sound tank bottoms if required, to lift ullage
floats if necessary and to change drive units when this is necessary.
The duties of such persons are not necessarily mutually exclusive.
(h) An effective means of communication between
the watchkeeper on deck and the cargo control position so that in
the event of a leak in, or malfunctioning of, the crude oil washing
system the washing may be stopped as soon as possible.
(i) The typical procedures for ballasting.
(j) A pre-crude oil wash operational checklist
for the use of the crew at each discharge which shall include the
checking and calibration of all instruments.
(k) The recommended intervals for on-board inspection
and maintenance of crude oil washing equipment in addition to statutory
surveys. Reference should be made to technical manuals supplied by
the manufacturers of the equipment.
(l) A list of crude oils unsuitable for the crude
oil washing process and their origin.