1.4.1 Uncontrolled pressure loss from the cargo can cause ‘sublimation’ and
the cargo will change from the liquid to the solid state. The precise ‘triple point’
temperature of a particular carbon dioxide cargo shall be supplied before loading
the cargo, and will depend on the purity of that cargo, and this shall be taken into
account when cargo instrumentation is adjusted. The set pressure for the alarms and
automatic actions described in this Section shall be set to at least 0,05 MPa above
the triple point for the specific cargo being carried. The ‘triple point’ for pure
carbon dioxide occurs at 0,05 MPa and –54,4°C.
1.4.2 There is a potential for the cargo to solidify in the event that a cargo
tank relief valve, fitted in accordance with Pt 11, Ch 8, 1.2 Pressure relief systems, fails in the open position. To avoid this, a means of isolating
the cargo tank safety valves shall be provided and the requirements of Pt 11, Ch 8, 1.2 Pressure relief systems 1.2.10.(b) of this Part do not apply when carrying this carbon dioxide.
Discharge piping from safety relief valves shall be designed so they remain free
from obstructions that could cause clogging. Protective screens shall not be fitted
to the outlets of relief valve discharge piping so the requirements of Pt 11, Ch 8, 1.2 Pressure relief systems 1.2.16 of this Part do not apply.
1.4.4 Cargo tanks shall be continuously monitoring for low pressure when a
carbon dioxide cargo is carried. An audible and visual alarm shall be given at the
cargo control position and on the bridge. If the cargo tank pressure continues to
fall to within 0,05 MPa of the ‘triple point’ for the particular cargo, the
monitoring system shall automatically close all cargo manifold liquid and vapour
valves and stop all cargo compressors and cargo pumps. The emergency shutdown system
required by Pt 11, Ch 18, 4 Linked emergency shutdown (ESD) system of this Part may be used for this purpose.
1.4.5 All materials used in cargo tanks and cargo piping system shall be
suitable for the lowest temperature that may occur in service, which is defined as
the saturation temperature of the carbon dioxide cargo at the set pressure of the
automatic safety system described in Pt 11, Ch 17, 1.4 Carbon dioxide – High purity 1.4.1.
1.4.6 Cargo hold spaces, cargo compressor rooms and other enclosed spaces
where carbon dioxide could accumulate shall be fitted with continuous monitoring for
carbon dioxide build-up. This fixed gas detection system replaces the requirements
of Pt 11, Ch 13, 1.6 Gas detection of this Part, and hold spaces shall be monitored permanently
even if the ship unit has Type C cargo containment.