Section
9 Starting arrangements
9.1 Dead ship condition starting arrangements
9.1.1 Means
are to be provided to ensure that machinery can be brought into operation
from the dead ship condition without external aid.
9.1.2 Dead
ship condition for the purpose of Pt 5, Ch 2, 9.1 Dead ship condition starting arrangements 9.1.1 is
to be understood to mean a condition under which the main propulsion
plant, boilers and auxiliaries are not in operation. In restoring
propulsion, no stored energy for starting and operating the propulsion
plant is assumed to be available. Additionally, neither the main source
of electrical power nor other essential auxiliaries is assumed to
be available for starting and operating the propulsion plant.
9.1.3 Where
the emergency source of power is an emergency generator which fully
complies with the requirements of Pt 6, Ch 2 Electrical Engineering, this generator may be used for restoring operation of
the main propulsion plant, boilers and auxiliaries where any power
supplies necessary for engine operation are also protected to a similar
level as the starting arrangements.
9.1.4 Where there is no emergency generator installed or an emergency generator
does not comply with Pt 6, Ch 2 Electrical Engineering, the arrangements for bringing main and auxiliary machinery
into operation are to be such that the initial charge of starting air or initial
electrical power and any power supplies for engine operation can be developed on board
ship without external aid. If for this purpose an emergency air compressor or an
electric generator is required, these units are to be powered by a hand-starting engine
or a hand-operated compressor. The arrangements for bringing main and auxiliary
machinery into operation are to have capacity such that the starting energy and any
power supplies for engine operation are available within 30 minutes of a dead ship
condition.
9.1.6 Reciprocating air compressors intended for starting main engines and auxiliary engines
providing essential services are to comply with the requirements of Pt 5, Ch 2, 13 Air compressors.
9.2 Air receiver capacity
9.2.1 Where
the main engine is arranged for air starting the total air receiver
capacity is to be sufficient to provide without replenishment, not
less than 12 consecutive starts of the main engine, alternating between
ahead and astern if of the reversible type and not less than 6 consecutive
starts if of the non-reversible type. At least two air receivers of
approximately equal capacity are to be provided. For scantlings and
fittings of air receivers, see
Pt 5, Ch 12 Piping Design Requirements.
9.2.2 For
multi-engine installations, the number of starts required for each
engine are to be as follows:
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Two engines through
common reduction gearing: 6 starts per engine for fixed pitch propeller/propellers;
3 starts per engine for controllable pitch propeller/ propellers.
-
Three engines
or more through common reduction gearing: 3 starts per engine.
9.2.3 No engine
is to have fewer than 3 starts for any arrangement. For electric propulsion
arrangements, a minimum of 3 starts per engine with a minimum capacity
of 12 starts of the largest start air consumption engine in total
are required.
9.3 Electric starting
9.3.1 Where main engines are fitted with electric starters, two batteries are to
be fitted. Each battery is to be capable of starting the engines when cold and the
combined capacity is to be sufficient without recharging to provide the number of starts
of the main engines as required by Pt 5, Ch 2, 9.2 Air receiver capacity. In
other respects batteries are to comply with the requirements of Pt 6, Ch 2, 12 Batteries.
9.3.2 Electric
starting arrangements for auxiliary engines are to have two separate
batteries or be supplied by separate circuits from the main engine
batteries when such are provided. Where one of the auxiliary engines
only is fitted with an electric starter one battery will be acceptable.
9.3.3 The
combined capacity of the batteries for starting the auxiliary engines
is to be sufficient for at least three starts for each engine.
9.3.4 Engine
starting batteries are to be used only for the purposes of starting
the engines and for the engines’ own control, alarm, monitoring
and safety arrangements. Means are to be provided to ensure that the
stored energy in the batteries is maintained at a level required to
start the engines, as defined in Pt 5, Ch 2, 9.3 Electric starting 9.3.1 and Pt 5, Ch 2, 9.3 Electric starting 9.3.3.
9.3.5 Where
engines are fitted with electric starting batteries, an alarm is to
be provided for low battery charge level.
9.4 Additional requirements for electric starting for non-SOLAS cargo vessels
9.4.1 For cargo vessels of less than 500 gross tons which are not required to
comply with the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974,
as amended (SOLAS 74), the emergency source of electrical power may be used as one
of the sources of energy required by Pt 5, Ch 2, 9.3 Electric starting 9.3.1 or Pt 5, Ch 2, 9.3 Electric starting 9.3.2 for electric starting. Where the emergency
source of electrical power is an accumulator battery and it is to be used for
electric starting, it is to have the additional capacity required to ensure
emergency supplies are not compromised and is to be adequately protected and
suitably located for use in an emergency.
9.5 Starting of the emergency source of power
9.5.1 Emergency
generators are to be capable of being readily started in their cold
conditions down to a temperature of 0°C. If this is impracticable,
or if lower temperatures are likely to be encountered, consideration
is to be given to the provision and maintenance of heating arrangements,
so that ready starting will be assured.
9.5.2 Each
emergency generator that is arranged to be automatically started is
to be equipped with an approved starting system having two independent
sources of stored energy, each of which is sufficient for at least
three consecutive starts. When hand (manual) starting is demonstrated
to be effective, only one source of stored energy need be provided.
However, this source of stored energy is to be protected against depletion
below the level required for starting.
9.5.3 Provision
is to be made to maintain continuously the stored energy at all times,
and for this purpose:
-
Electrical and
hydraulic starting systems are to be maintained from the emergency
switchboard.
-
Compressed air
starting systems may be maintained by the main or auxiliary compressed
air receivers, through a suitable non-return valve, or by an emergency
air compressor energised by the emergency switchboard.
-
All these starting,
charging and energy storing devices are to be located in the emergency
generator room. These devices are not to be used for any purpose other
than the operation of the emergency generator.
9.5.4 When
automatic starting is not required by the Rules and where it can be
demonstrated as being effective, hand (manual) starting is permissible,
such as manual cranking, inertial starters, manual hydraulic accumulators,
powder charge cartridges.
9.6 Engine control, alarm monitoring and safety system power supplies
9.6.1 Power
supplies are to be arranged so that power for electrically powered
control, alarm, monitoring and safety systems required for engine
starting and operation will remain available in the event of a failure.
Power is to remain available to permit starting attempts for the number
of starts specified by this Section for each individual source of
stored energy.
9.6.3 An alarm
is to be activated in the event of failure of a power supply and,
where applicable, low battery charge level. Manual power supply changeover
facilities are permitted.
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