Section
4 Requirements for assignment of ECL(3)
4.1 General
4.2 Working areas
4.2.3 Required
dimension H may be waived provided there is clear indication
in the CSAP and at the position.
4.2.4 Working areas
are to be increased as necessary where an access opening onto a working
area would restrict the available working space.
4.3 Fall protection
4.3.2 Fencing is
to be capable of withstanding a force of at least 1,0 kN applied in
any direction at mid-span of the top rail, or at the uppermost point
if there is no top rail. Stanchions are to be capable of withstanding
a force of at least 1,0 kN applied horizontally at the top in any
direction.
4.3.3 Handrails
for permanent fencing are to be rounded and easy to grasp.
4.3.4 The design
of folding, hinged or removable fencing is to provide means to ensure
that it is properly fitted and secured in place prior to accessing
the protected space.
4.4 Transit areas
4.4.2 Vertical
clearance of walkways and transit areas is to be at least 2,1 m. Vertical
clearance of not less than 2,0 m may be accepted provided there is
clear indication in the CSAP and at the position.
4.4.3 Required
dimension H may be waived provided there is clear indication
in the CSAP and at the position.
4.5 Movement between levels
4.5.1 Trip hazards
and small changes in elevation are to be avoided.
4.5.2 Angles of ascent for ramps, steps and ladders are to be in accordance with
Table 1.4.1 Angles of ascent.
Table 1.4.1 Angles of ascent
| Description
|
Angle
|
| Ramps
|
7° 15°
|
from horizontal
|
| Steps
|
30° 50°
|
from horizontal
|
| Ladders
|
0° 25°
|
from vertical
|
4.5.3 Doors are
to open inwards and away from the change of height where this is not
in conflict with any escape requirements.
4.5.4 Where there
is a direct line between the doorway and the steps or ladder, additional
fall protection is to be provided between the doorway and the steps
or ladder.
4.6 Signs and indications
4.6.1 Where access
openings open into transit or working areas, warning signs are to
be displayed on the underside of the cover or at another appropriate
prominent place.
4.6.2 Where it
is necessary to locate steps or ladders directly behind doors, a warning
sign is to be provided on the door.
4.7 Access openings
4.7.1 An access
opening giving access to a ladder is to have a clear opening, where
practicable, of not less than 600 mm by 600 mm. There is to be a clear
space of at least 400 mm either side of the opening, and preferably
on all sides, to allow easy access.
4.8 Ladders
4.8.1 Ladders of
height exceeding 3,0 m from which a person may fall overboard are
to be provided, where possible, with safety cages. Alternatively,
a positive fall arrest device should be provided, such as safety rails
or cables that can be secured to a safety harness.
4.8.2 The vertical
height of a ladder is not to exceed 9,0 m. Where the difference in
levels is greater than 9,0 m, intermediate landings and multiple ladder
runs of equal length are to be provided.
4.8.3 There is
to be no change in direction of a ladder without an intermediate landing.
4.8.4 Landings
between ladders are to be not less than 600 mm in width. Landings
at the top and bottom of inclined ladders are to be at least 760 mm
in length.
4.8.5 Stair ladders
are not recommended and will be specially considered.
4.8.6 Ladders are
not to interfere with the opening and closing of hatches and doors.
4.8.7 Where it
is intended that ladders are to be climbed from one side only, the
opposite side of the ladder is to have a barrier.
4.8.8 Ladder rungs
are to be at least 410 mm in width, and are to be slip-resistant or
of grid/mesh construction.
4.8.9 If ladder
rungs are of round cross-section, the diameter is to be at least 25
mm. If ladder rungs are of square cross-section, the sides are to
be a minimum of 25 mm.
4.8.10 The vertical
spacing of ladder rungs is to be uniform and between 275 mm and 300
mm apart.
4.8.11 Ladders
are to be mounted at least 205 mm from the nearest permanent object
at the back of the ladder.
4.8.12 There is
to be at least 760 mm clearance in front of a ladder for climbing
space.
4.8.13 Ladders
that lead to hatches or passageways are to have horizontal or vertical
handgrabs that extend at least 1,0 m, where possible, above the level
or landing platform served by the ladder.
4.8.14 Safety
cages are to be constructed in accordance with 2.8.10 and the following
additional requirements:
-
The vertical strips
connecting the hoops are to be spaced at intervals not more than 240
mm.
-
Safety cages are to
start at a height of 2,1 m above the deck.
4.9 Steps
4.9.1 Steps are
to have appropriate slope, spacing, width and size of tread. Wherever
possible the slope for steps is to be 38° from the horizontal,
with a tread height of 170 mm, a depth of 290 mm and step width of
at least 710 mm.
4.9.2 A vertical
clearance of at least 2,1 m is to be provided above all steps.
4.9.3 A clear landing
at least as wide as the tread width and a minimum of 915 mm long is
to be provided at the top and bottom steps.
4.9.4 A continuous
handrail is to be provided on all steps.
4.9.5 The height
of the top handrail for steps is to be between 910 mm and 990 mm,
with 940 mm preferred.
4.9.6 Handrails
for steps are to be rounded and easy to grasp.
4.10 Lashing bridges
4.10.1 Where lashing
rods are to be stowed on the lashing bridge walkway, the storage area
is to be provided with hoops or equivalent.
4.10.2 Where lashing
rods are to be stowed in the space between the lashing bridge and
the container stack, the arrangements are to prevent the rods becoming
trapped or difficult to access when containers are secured.
4.10.3 Access
opening covers are to be gratings or equivalent rather than solid
plates.
4.10.4 Hooks to
secure turnbuckles during unloading/loading are to be provided on
the fencing. The design of hook is to ensure that the turnbuckle will
not fall out accidentally.
4.11 Sightlines and signalling
4.11.1 Where sightlines
necessitate the use of a signaller, provision is to be made for a
safe operating area on deck and fall protection provided as necessary.
4.12 Lashing equipment
4.12.2 Lashing
equipment is to be easy to use, inspect and maintain. Lashing equipment
is to be such that the condition may be determined by visual inspection.
4.12.3 The length
and weight of lashing rods are to be such that the Operator is to
be able to fit and remove the rods without reaching above shoulder
height. Table 1.5.1 Container securing dimensions -
ECL(1), ECL(2) and ECL(3) Dimension E
defines the maximum height to which a lashing rod may be lifted while
inserting into the container corner casting. Required dimension E
may be waived provided there is clear indication in the CSM and at
the lashing position.
4.12.4 Lashing
equipment for use at the twenty foot ISO gap position
should be stored at that location, not at the forty foot position.
This requirement may be waived provided there is clear indication
in the CSM.
4.13 Electrical requirements
4.13.1 Lighting
arrangements for cargo operations are to be appropriate for the activities
to be carried out, e.g. container securing points as well as the working
area.
4.13.2 The level
of lighting is to be sufficient to enable obvious damage to, or leakage
from, containers to be seen.
4.13.3 The level
of lighting is to be sufficient to read labels or container plates
or to distinguish between them where required, or provision is to
be made for other means of illumination. Alternative lighting arrangements
providing an equivalent level of illumination may be specially considered.
4.13.5 Warning
signs are to be illuminated sufficiently to readily identify the sign
and to read its content, day and night.
4.13.6 Light fittings
are to be accessible for maintenance.
4.13.7 Where it
is proposed to use portable (wander) lights to satisfy the requirements
of this Section, the arrangements are to be provided with:
-
Dedicated socket-outlets
satisfying the requirements of Pt 6, Ch 2, 12.6 Charging facilities of the Rules for Ships;
-
Secure mounting locations
to provide the required lighting;
-
Means to locate light
cables such that they will not be damaged or present a hazard when
mounted; and
-
Dedicated storage
area for the lights when not mounted.
4.13.8 Minimum
light levels are as follows;
-
Where the dangers
of tripping or falling are greater than usual 30 lux.
-
Where inspecting and
repairing lashing equipment 540 lux.
4.14 Surveys
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