Section 5 Equipment and systems – Winterisation C

5.1.1 All items such as pipework, components and cables are to be located inside spaces as far as practicable to minimise exposure to low temperatures and icing.

5.1.2 Each item of equipment and system on the ship is to be protected against the effects of low temperatures and build up of ice with the selection of appropriate protection methods. Methods for protecting the equipment and systems include the following:

1. Heating (space and dedicated arrangements for equipment/systems).

2. Ice removal equipment.

3. Covers.

4. Drainage.

5. Insulation.

6. Selection of materials.

7. Selection of lubricants, oils, hydraulics and greases.

5.1.3 Where heating arrangements are provided, they are to be fitted with the following:

1. Means for ascertaining the temperature.

2. For systems where heating arrangements could result in excessively high temperatures or pressures being generated, that may cause damage, malfunction, loss of effective lubrication or braking of equipment, arrangements are to be provide which will cut off the heating.

3. Suitable control arrangements.

4. Indication that the system(s) are in use or not.

5. Where failure of a heating arrangement could result in a hazardous situation, an alarm in accordance with the alarm system required by Pt 6, Ch 1, 2 Essential features for control, alarm, monitoring and safety systems of the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022 is to be activated to allow responsible personnel to prevent the hazardous situation occurring.

For use of electrical heating in dangerous zones, see Pt 6, Ch 2, 14 Electrical equipment for use in explosive gas atmospheres or in the presence of combustible dusts of the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022.

5.1.4 Where PVC covers or other water resistant materials are used, they are to be well fitting with suitable fixing to prevent unintended removal in severe weather.

5.2.1 Main and essential auxiliary machinery and equipment installed on the open deck is to be capable of operating satisfactorily under the conditions of the external design air temperature, see also Ch 1, 1.4 Definitions 1.4.2.

5.2.2 Main and essential auxiliary machinery and equipment installed in spaces is to be capable of operating satisfactorily under the conditions of the design internal air temperature/ambient conditions for that space, see also Ch 1, 1.4 Definitions 1.4.3 and Pt 5, Ch 1, 3.6 Ambient operating conditions of the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022.

5.2.3 Dedicated heating arrangements may be provided to ensure the satisfactory operation of equipment and machinery required by Ch 1, 5.2 Winterisation of machinery – General requirements 5.2.1 and Ch 1, 5.2 Winterisation of machinery – General requirements 5.2.2.

5.2.4 The requirements of Ch 1, 5.2 Winterisation of machinery – General requirements 5.2.1 and Ch 1, 5.2 Winterisation of machinery – General requirements 5.2.2 are to include machinery and equipment for emergency appliances, including navigational aids required by statutory regulations.

5.3.1 The arrangements for air supply to main propulsion and essential auxiliary engines are to ensure that the engine manufacturer's specification for minimum air intake temperature is complied with. Such arrangements may comprise pre-heating at the air intakes or use of heated engine room air, or other means such as scavenge air cooler bypass or exhaust gas bypass. The main engine lubrication oil is to be maintained at a minimum temperature in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification.

5.3.2 Sea inlets for the cooling water system are to be provided with arrangements to maintain ice free cooling water arrangements as given by IMO Guidance on Design and Construction of Sea Inlets under Slush Ice Conditions MSC/Circular.504 – Guidance on Design and Construction of Sea Inlets Under Slush Ice Conditions – (28 April 1989) or in accordance with the Finnish Swedish Ice Class Rules. Alternative arrangements will be considered, such as by circulating engine cooling water via designated tanks where heat balance calculations have demonstrated that the engines are capable of operating at their maximum continuous rating.

5.3.3 Electrical and hydraulic systems for podded or azimuth propulsion systems are to be provided with suitable provisions to prevent freezing. Heating arrangements and/or suitable lubrication oils, hydraulic oils and anti-freeze are also to be provided.

5.3.4 Electrical and hydraulic systems for steering systems are to be provided with suitable provisions to prevent freezing. Heating arrangements and/or suitable lubrication oils, hydraulic oils and anti-freeze are also to be provided.

5.3.5 Steering gear components are to be provided with suitable low temperature greases and lubrication oils.

5.4.1 Materials for components of exposed pipework on deck are to be suitable for operation at the external design air temperature or the components are to be provided with suitable heating arrangements, see Ch 1, 3 Materials for equipment and components at low temperatures – Winterisation M.

5.4.2 Systems are to be arranged to ensure they can be drained to protect against fluids freezing in pipes. Drainage valves are to be provided and pipework inclined to ensure drainage of fluids is possible under all normal angles of list and trim. As a minimum, drain valves are to be provided at forward, aft, port and starboard locations. Additional shut off valves are to be installed on the branch pipes (and as close to the main line as practicable) to allow drainage and protection against freezing in branch pipes when the main line is under pressure and branch lines are not in use.

5.4.3 Measures for protection against freezing of condensate in exposed steam pipework are to be fitted with thermal insulation and/or connections for dry air to be blown through. Steam deck machinery is to be provided with measures for the continuous circulation of steam.

5.4.4 Valves, gauges, indicators and monitoring equipment for essential services are to be protected from icing and provided with ice removal measures or by covers where ice removal measures are not suitable. Exposed valves at inaccessible locations are to be provided with covers or positioned in heated cabinets (by means of a heated frame or internal space heating). Gauges, indicators and monitoring equipment which are sited in exposed locations but are unsuitable for removal of ice are to be positioned in heated cabinets. Valve actuators, solenoids and pressure gauge transmitters for essential services are to be provided with heating arrangements.

5.4.5 Where no heating arrangements are provided, valves, gauges, indicators and monitoring equipment for essential services are to be suitable for the external design air temperature.

5.4.6 Exposed control stand valves for hydraulic oil lines used for remote control are to be provided with heating arrangements to protect against freezing of the mechanism.

5.4.7 As far as practicable, hydraulic oil power packs are to be sited in heated enclosed spaces. Where this is not practicable, the hydraulic fluid and pipework system materials are to be suitable for operation at the external design air temperature.

5.4.8 Measures to protect against water freezing in exposed fresh water and sea water pipes and valves are to be fitted. Exposed sections of seawater and freshwater lines are to be fitted with an isolating valve located inside a heated space such that the exposed length may be drained. Alternatively, a drain valve is to be provided at the lowest position on deck, and an air blow connection provided at the furthest forward end to keep the line dry after use. Alternatively, heating arrangements or continuous circulation is to be provided.

5.4.9 Measures are to be provided to protect against humidity freezing the supply of air to pneumatic devices used on deck. They are to be designed for specified dew point appropriate to the external design air temperature, or be provided with air driers, or suitable heating arrangements. A drain valve is to be provided at the lowest point of the line on the exposed deck.

5.4.10 Where sea chests are fitted other than for the main propulsion system as specified in Ch 1, 5.3 Winterisation of main propulsion and essential auxiliary engines 5.3.2, such as ballast sea chests located in the pump room, these are to be provided with a sea bay and heating arrangements, for ice clearing. Steam blowing may be used or similar arrangements as given in Ch 1, 5.3 Winterisation of main propulsion and essential auxiliary engines 5.3.2.

5.4.11 The sea inlet and overboard discharge valves are to be provided with low pressure steam connection for clearing purposes, see Pt 5, Ch 13 Ship Piping Systems of the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022. Alternatively, arrangements are to be made for supplying water for machinery cooling purposes by circulating from ballast tanks(s) or those situated in the double bottom. Such tank(s) must be used only for storage of water ballast or fresh water.

5.4.12 Overboard discharge valves at or below the waterline are to be provided with low pressure steam connections for clearing purposes, see Pt 8, Ch 2, 3.3 Ship-side valves of the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022.

5.4.13 Where observation/security cabins are fitted, suitable heating arrangements are to be provided for the internal space and also for windows, see Ch 1, 5.8 Winterisation of spaces/compartments 5.8.3 and Ch 1, 5.8 Winterisation of spaces/compartments 5.8.8. Ice removal measures are to be provided to protect against icing forming on the windows.

5.4.14 The equipment and systems for accommodation and pilot ladders are to comply with the requirements in Ch 1, 5.5 Winterisation of anchoring/mooring equipment and deck cranes where applicable.

5.4.15 To protect against freezing, the Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment (ODME) is to be provided with heating arrangements on exposed supply/discharge lines and with steam blowing on the overboard discharge.

5.5.1 Anchor windlass and mooring winches are to be protected from icing by means of suitable covers. Alternatively, a sheltered deck area is to be provided. See also Ch 1, 5.11 Ice removal and prevention measures 5.11.1.(e) for ice removal measures.

5.5.2 Exposed control panels are to be provided with suitable steel covers to protect against icing.

5.5.3 Measures are to be provided to protect against freezing of fluids, such as lubricants and hydraulic oil. The fluids are to be suitable for low temperature operation, and heating arrangements are to be provided where appropriate.

5.5.4 Hydraulic control systems are to comply with Ch 1, 5.4 Winterisation of auxiliary machinery systems and deck working areas.

5.5.5 Electrical installations are to comply with Ch 1, 5.6 Winterisation of electrical installations.

5.5.6 The hawse pipe is to be sited in a heated space or provided with suitable heating arrangements and deck steam connection valve(s) located within the vicinity to protect against icing.

5.5.7 For hydraulically operated equipment and systems, steam ice removal measures are to be provided for protection against icing.

5.5.8 Hawse pipe wash lines are to be provided with continuous circulation or heating arrangements to protect against water in the pipes freezing. See Ch 1, 5.4 Winterisation of auxiliary machinery systems and deck working areas 5.4.8 and Ch 1, 5.7 Winterisation of emergency appliances 5.7.2 for similar arrangements. A steam connection on deck for ice removal is to be located within the vicinity.

5.5.9 Means are to be provided for habitable working conditions in crane cabs, where fitted, by providing internal space heating arrangements. Cab windows are to be provided with heating arrangements to protect from the build up of ice, see Ch 1, 5.8 Winterisation of spaces/compartments 5.8.3. Ice removal measures are to be provided to protect against icing. Window wiper operating devices are to be arranged inside the cab or to be provided with heating arrangements.

5.5.10 Suitable provisions for cold start arrangements for exposed deck cranes are to be provided. Suitable lubrication oils and greases, circulation facilities for hydraulic oils and a flushing system for the hydraulic oil are to be provided.

5.5.11 Material grades for lifting appliances are to be in accordance with LR's Code for Lifting Appliances in a Marine Environment, July 2022 and suitable for operation at the external design air temperature.

5.5.12 Material grades for towing and mooring equipment, fittings and components are to be suitable for operation at the external design air temperature, see Ch 1, 3 Materials for equipment and components at low temperatures – Winterisation M.

5.6.1 Electrical power used for heating purposes in cold climates is to be included in the schedule of operating loads required by Pt 6, Ch 2, 1.3 Documentation required for supporting evidence of the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022.

5.6.2 The schedule of loads is to include operation in cold climates as a separate winterisation condition.

5.6.3 Emergency generators are to be capable of operating at the external design air temperature and are to be provided in a heated room and/or are to be suitable for using fuel oil specified for low temperature conditions, and provided with protection or heating arrangements on the air intake. Suitable antifreeze or heating arrangements are to be used in the cooling system with a dew point appropriate to the external design air temperature. Where an air start system is installed the air is to be dried.

5.6.4 The emergency generator room air intakes are to be provided with protection from icing by ice removal measures or heating arrangements. In addition, the air intake is to be provided with an automatic louvre which closes whilst the generator is inactive (to reduce heat loss), and open when starting.

5.6.5 Exposed electric motors installed on equipment are to be provided with covers or ice removal measures to aid the removal of ice. Measures are to be provided to protect against humidity and condensation freezing in the motor and to achieve this they are to be provided with suitable heating arrangements.

5.6.6 Exposed components of electrical cabling are to be suitable for operation at the external design air temperature.

5.6.7 Measures to protect exposed cables from manual ice removal methods are to be provided. Penetrations in exposed decks for electrical cables are to be enclosed in protective steel covers extending 0,5 m from the penetration or to the item if this is closer.

5.6.8 Switch boxes and control panels in unheated areas are to be fitted with heating arrangements or be sealed units suitable for operation at the external design air temperature, to prevent condensation freezing.

5.6.9 For navigation aids and equipment, the temperature for use as stated by the manufacturer is to be suitable for the external design air temperature.

5.6.10 Protection measures are to be fitted for the continuous operation of the radar motors against the humidity and icing freezing the motor. Radar motors are to be provided with heating arrangements and with the provision for suitable use of low temperature grease.

5.6.11 Measures for continuous operation of the navigation air horn, where fitted, are to be provided to protect against humidity freezing in components and icing. Dry air is to be used and suitable heating arrangements are to be provided. Air pipe lines for the navigation air horn are to be arranged in heated compartments as far as practicable, see also Ch 1, 5.4 Winterisation of auxiliary machinery systems and deck working areas 5.4.9.

5.6.12 Remotely controlled and focused search lights are to be provided at the bow and the bridge wings to combat reduced daylight hours and aid navigation in ice infested waters. The search lights are to be fitted with trace heating on the lens or provided with a cover, and with heating arrangements for the directional motor.

5.6.13 Exposed magnetic compasses, where fitted, are to be protected by covers from icing.

5.6.14 Where closed circuit television systems are fitted in exposed locations, these are to be provided with heating arrangements or covers, and ice removal measures to protect against icing and freezing of the motors, wipers and screen.

5.6.15 Satellite/GPS motors are to be provided with suitable low temperature grease. Antenna systems are to be protected from icing.

5.6.16 Lighting arrangements in working areas on the deck, and in particular the forecastle, are to be located at accessible positions to facilitate ice removal. Exposed lights are to be suitable for the external design air temperature and with due regard being given to changes in illumination values.

5.6.17 Navigation lights are to be of a type tested with the intended light source to demonstrate that they are suitable for the external design air temperature, such that illumination will not be reduced or obscured.

5.7.1 Fire pumps and the emergency fire pump are to be located in heated spaces to protect against freezing components and fluids.

5.7.2 The fire main in exposed positions (including the main deck line and accommodation) is to be protected against freezing in the line and hydrants. Isolating valves are to be located in a heated space and arranged such that the exposed part may be drained. Alternatively, means are to be provided to ensure the isolating valve is dry before closing, continuously circulated and with thermal insulation or provided with heating arrangements. See Ch 1, 5.4 Winterisation of auxiliary machinery systems and deck working areas 5.4.8 for similar arrangements.

5.7.3 The exposed fire main is to be routed through internal heated spaces as far as practicable considering particular ship arrangements.

5.7.4 Sea water suctions for fire pumps are to be provided with heating arrangements for ice clearing. Steam blowing is to be provided or means of using the engine room sea chest.

5.7.5 Water spray lines, where fitted, are to be designed to protect against the lines freezing and the nozzles clogging with ice. They are to be located inside and have external nozzles of a design to minimise freezing, or provided with drainage facilities and arranged to be blown through with dry air, or provided with heating arrangements.

5.7.6 Foam and CO₂ systems and monitoring equipment are to comply with the applicable requirements of Ch 1, 5.7 Winterisation of emergency appliances 5.7.2 and Ch 1, 5.7 Winterisation of emergency appliances 5.7.3.

5.7.7 For fire-extinguishing media, such as foam systems, the temperature for use as stated by the manufacturer is to be suitable for the external air temperature. Extinguishers are to be suitable for low temperature use or located in heated spaces.

5.7.8 Arrangements are to be provided such that after use, the fire hoses can be drained and dried to protect from freezing. Stowage arrangements are to be provided with heating arrangements or at least two additional hoses provided to enable wet hoses to be replaced whilst drying.

5.7.9 As far as practicable, lifeboats and liferafts are to be located in protected locations (recesses or garages) to provide protection from icing.

5.7.10 Lifeboats are to be of totally enclosed type and provided with internal space heaters to maintain a habitable temperature. Adjacent receptacles for electrical heating arrangements are to be supplied from the emergency switchboard.

5.7.11 The lifeboat coxswain’s control panel is to be provided with heating arrangements. Ice removal measures to remove icing from windows are to be provided.

5.7.12 Lifeboat engines are to be provided with suitable low temperature grades of fuel oil and lubrication oil to protect against the effects of freezing. The cooling system for the engines is to be provided with suitable anti-freeze.

5.7.13 Lifeboat engine batteries are to be suitable for low temperature conditions, or a flexible lead for battery charging and a means of safe heating is to be provided.

5.7.14 Lifeboat winches, where fitted, are to be provided with suitable covers or ice removal measures. The operating devices (brake(s)) are to be protected from icing by ice removal measures, suitable grease and lubricants with covers or heating arrangements. Hydraulic systems, including tanks, pipes and mechanisms, are to be provided with suitable steam ice-removal measures, suitable grease and lubricants or heating arrangements.

5.7.15 Lifeboat davits/sheaves/release hooks are to have provision for the use of suitable low temperature grease, covers and heating arrangements, to protect the mechanisms from icing.

5.7.16 To protect from icing, the embarkation (lifeboat rope) ladders are to be provided with covers in the stowed position.

5.7.17 Lifeboat water spray lines, where fitted, are to be located inside and have external nozzles of a design to minimise freezing or to have drainage facilities and arranged to be blown through with dry air, see Ch 1, 5.7 Winterisation of emergency appliances 5.7.5. In addition, the water intake is to be protected from ice build up.

5.7.18 Liferafts are to be suitable for the external design air temperature. A steam connection for ice removal measures is to be provided for protection against icing of the liferaft. Davit-launched liferafts are to comply with Ch 1, 5.7 Winterisation of emergency appliances 5.7.14.

5.7.19 For life saving equipment, the temperature for use as stated by the manufacturer is to be suitable for the external design air temperature. Measures are to be provided for lifeboat contents (including flares and torch batteries) for low temperature operation. Ice removal measures are to be provided for the EPIRB/SART.

5.7.20 Rescue boats are to be provided with systems which are similar to those for lifeboats.

5.7.21 Means are to be provided to protect fluids within exposed pipes for decontamination showers and eyewash systems from freezing, where fitted. Heating arrangements are to be provided in the water tank and exposed sections of piping are to be provided with insulation or trace heating arrangements. Alternatively, these are to be sited in a heated room/compartment. Additional eyewash fluids are to be stored in an alternative heated space.

5.7.22 The materials used for exposed components, including steel davits, hydraulics and rubber components, are to be suitable for operation at the external design air temperature, see Ch 1, 3 Materials for equipment and components at low temperatures – Winterisation M.

5.7.23 Immersion suits are to be suitable for low temperature operation and stored in heated spaces or containers in locations with suitable ice removal measures.

5.8.1 Accommodation heating/air conditioning systems are to be capable of maintaining internal design air temperature in all spaces normally occupied when the ship is at sea, based on the external design air temperature, see Ch 1, 1.3 Information required 1.3.4 and Ch 1, 1.4 Definitions 1.4.4. This may be achieved by controlling the number of air changes providing acceptable levels of fresh air required for personnel efficiency, combustion or other oxidation processes.

5.8.2 The requirements in Ch 1, 5.8 Winterisation of spaces/compartments 5.8.1 are intended to mitigate risks associated with the failure to maintain suitable (and agreed, see Ch 1, 1.3 Information required 1.3.4 and Ch 1, 1.4 Definitions 1.4.4) temperatures associated with the defined spaces, and do not cover air-conditioning arrangements, air distribution ductwork, heating systems, chilled water systems or the calculation and verification of air flow rates and cooling/heating loads within the air-conditioned spaces. The method used to calculate the capacity of the air conditioning, refrigeration and heating equipment is the responsibility of the Shipbuilder and Owner and should be in accordance with a recognised code or standard such as ISO 7547:2002 Ships and marine technology – Air conditioning and ventilation of accommodation spaces – Design conditions and basis of calculations, or ASHRAE 26- 1996(RA2006) Mechanical refrigeration and air-conditioning installations aboard ship.

5.8.3 Heating arrangements (in addition to, and not necessarily serviced by, the air-conditioning system as specified in Ch 1, 5.8 Winterisation of spaces/compartments 5.8.1) are to be provided for spaces containing machinery and equipment for essential or emergency services and for spaces accessed during ship operation in order that equipment may be maintained. Heating arrangements are to be included in, but not limited to, the spaces as given in Table 1.5.1 Space heating arrangements for Winterisation C(t) (where fitted): The heating of each space is to be capable of maintaining its internal design air temperature based on the external design air temperature, insulation and the volume of air in each space. The internal temperature, and lowest limit for alarms, for each space is to be provided (and agreed with the Owner and Shipbuilder), but is to be a minimum of zero degrees Celsius at the external design air temperature.

5.8.4 Means of regulating the engine room temperature are to be provided. Where machinery space funnel louvres are fitted, these are to be capable of being adjusted to different open positions. The means of regulating temperature is not to prevent air supply or exhaust to machinery or machinery spaces required for operation.

5.8.5 Pipework and electrical components in and passing through spaces and tanks, without space heating and which are exposed to low temperatures, such as void spaces and underdeck passageways, are to be suitable for the external design air temperature or have suitable heating arrangements to protect against the low temperatures, see also Ch 1, 3.4 Plating 3.4.3.

5.8.6 The air intakes and exhaust louvres for accommodation and machinery spaces are to be provided with protection from icing by ice removal measures and heating arrangements.

5.8.7 All cargo control room windows are to be fitted with heating arrangements to provide protection against the formation of ice obscuring visibility during discharging/loading operations. Ice removal measures are to be provided. See also Ch 1, 5.8 Winterisation of spaces/compartments 5.8.8 for other suitable arrangements.

5.8.8 All bridge windows (excluding door windows) are to be fitted with heating arrangements to provide protection against the build up of ice obscuring visibility. The use of hot air blowers on the inside is to be provided for all windows. Consideration is to be given to fitting double glazed windows in order to provide protection against cold water cracking glass which is exposed to warm internal conditions.

5.8.9 The system for window cleaning is to be protected against freezing in the lines and clogging of the nozzles with frequent operation. Cold fresh water systems with heated spray nozzles or hot water systems designed to be drained and dry air blown through after use are to be provided. Window wiper operating devices are to be arranged inside the bridge or to be provided with heating arrangements. Safe access is to be provided externally for ice removal.

5.8.10 Measures to protect personnel operating on the bridge from cold temperatures are to be provided. Where ships have exposed bridge wings, the wing controls/equipment are to be provided with heating arrangements and covers.

5.9.1 Measures are to be provided to assist in the opening of doors when covered in ice and to protect seals against freezing. External doors are to be positioned in protected locations or recessed as far as practicable to provide protection from icing. The enclosed space adjacent to external doors on escape routes is to be fitted with heating arrangements.

5.9.2 Suitable changing rooms are to be arranged to provide adequate space for changing into and out of cold weather working clothing adjacent to the entrance door. A heated space is to be provided for drying and storing cold weather working clothing.

5.9.3 Measures are to be provided to reduce the likelihood of damage to insulation fitted to exposed external boundaries caused by humidity freezing within it. In particular the accommodation bulkhead/deckhead insulation is to be fitted with a protective vapour barrier such as aluminium foil or equivalent means.

5.9.4 To protect against fluids freezing, cabin bathrooms are not to be located adjacent to exposed external boundaries, as far as practicable.

5.9.5 Insulation and heating arrangements are to be provided for all exposed external boundaries in bathrooms and washrooms to prevent freezing of water in these spaces.

5.9.6 Means such as a gutter and drainage on the deck below to collect condensed water are to be provided adjacent to external boundaries.

5.10.1 Fresh water and sea-water ballast tanks, the tops of which are situated above the design ballast waterline and adjacent to the shell, which are intended to be used in ice and cold navigating conditions, are to be provided with means to prevent freezing. Measures are to be provided to demonstrate that they protect against the following:

1. hull structural damage from pumping water creating a vacuum beneath a layer of ice across the top of the water in the tank;

2. hull structural damage from ice expansion;

3. engineering systems damage from ice expansion or ice blockage; and

4. engineering systems damage from ice pieces melting or dislodging from upper sections of the tank.

Heating coils are considered an effective means for tanks entirely above the waterline. Heating coils or other effective means such as continuous circulation, air bubbling and/or tank pressure/engineering systems alarms are considered effective for tanks partially below the waterline. Alternatively, demonstration that the above hazards have been mitigated is to be submitted through theoretical calculations, service experience, experimental tests, or a combination thereof.

5.10.2 For tank heating required by Ch 1, 5.10 Winterisation of tanks 5.10.1 monitoring arrangements are to be provided that will activate an alarm in accordance with the alarm system required by Pt 6, Ch 1, 2 Essential features for control, alarm, monitoring and safety systems of the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships, July 2022 to allow responsible personnel to reinstate heating in the event of a failure.

5.10.3 Tank systems and components for monitoring and alarms (1st and 2nd stage high level alarm systems, gas detection system, etc.), are to be suitable for the design external air temperature.

5.10.4 The sewage tanks and associated pipe systems, where located adjacent to external ship boundaries, are to be located in heated compartments or provided with heating arrangements.

5.10.5 Measures to provide protection from icing and blockage by ice formation resulting from humidity in tanks are to be fitted. Exposed air vent pipe heads of tanks are to be readily accessible, positioned in protected locations as far as practicable and fitted with covers to limit build up of ice. The covers are not to interfere with the free flow of air through the vent openings.

5.10.6 Where ballast tank heating coils are provided as given in Ch 1, 5.10 Winterisation of tanks 5.10.1, a section of the heating coil is to be positioned below the air pipe vent, as far as practicable, to provide protection against freezing of the pipe and vent.

5.10.7 The overboard ballast discharge line located above the waterline is to be provided with suitable heating arrangements.

5.11.1 The following areas of exposed decks are to be provided with:

1. heated decks;

2. gratings;

3. checkered plate:

4. welded studs; or

5. non-slip decking with coarse sand embedded into the paint.

In addition ice removal measures are to be installed, of either steam or hot water types, with a fixed pipe line on the deck with connection valves for hoses in the following areas:

1. Gangways and stairways for safe access to bow, lifeboats, rescue boats and pilot boarding locations, see also Ch 1, 6.7 Winterisation of accommodation and escape routes 6.7.2.

2. Areas adjacent to escape exits.

3. Areas in way of lifeboats/rescue boats, davits, and liferafts including launching areas.

4. Adjacent to storage facilities for fire fighting equipment.

5. Areas in way of anchoring and mooring operations (including windlass, chain and hawse pipe).

6. Areas for open navigation and lookout.

7. Helicopter deck areas, where fitted.

8. Working areas on the open deck (including ice removal measures for hatch covers, containers and grain loading covers).

5.11.2 To aid the removal of ice and protect against the ingress of water into components that may subsequently freeze and result in damage, mechanical and electrical equipment and control panels that may be exposed to icing are to be provided with suitable covers, as far as practicable, and unless other arrangements are specified in these Rules.

5.11.3 A minimum of the following manual tools for removing ice are to be provided, provided, with at least one set of tools at each storage location. Storage locations should be as given in Ch 1, 5.11 Ice removal and prevention measures 5.11.4. A set of tools is to comprise at least the following:

1. 3 shovels,

2. 3 hammers or mallets,

3. 3 scrapers.

Storage facilities for the manual tools are to be provided and sited in protected areas, as far as practicable, to provide access and protection from icing behind bulwarks and accommodation walls.

5.11.4 Containers for the storage of de-icing compounds are to be provided at the following locations as a minimum:

1. Bow area

2. Close to midships (with port and starboard access, and close to the boarding area)

3. Stern area (close to the life saving launching areas)

Containers are to be sited in protected areas, as far as practicable, to provide access and protection from icing behind bulwarks and accommodation walls.

5.12.1 In general, bow loading systems are to comply with Table 1.5.2 Bow loading systems - System with valve coupling connection overboard or Table 1.5.3 Bow loading systems - System with valve coupling connection inboard . Alternative arrangements and components are to be suitably reviewed and assessed by LR in conjunction with the appropriate requirements in the Winterisation Rules, taking into account the intended operational and environmental conditions.