Section
4 Special Survey - General - Hull requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 The survey
is to be of sufficient extent to ensure that the hull and related
equipment is in satisfactory condition and is fit for its intended
purpose, subject to proper maintenance and operation and to Periodical
Surveys being carried out as required by the Regulations.
4.1.5 For yachts
assigned the Laid-up notation, an Underwater Examination
(UWE) and general examination of hull and machinery is to be carried
out in lieu of the normal Special Survey requirements.
4.2 Preparation
4.2.1 The yacht
is to be prepared for survey in accordance with the requirements of Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation. The preparation should
be of sufficient extent to facilitate an examination to ascertain
any excessive corrosion, erosion, deformation, fractures, damages
and other structural deterioration.
Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation
Special Survey
I
(Yachts 5 years old)
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Special Survey
II
(Yachts 10 years old)
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Special Survey
III
(Yachts 15 years old)
and subsequent special
surveys
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| (1) The interior of the
yacht is to be sufficiently opened out by the removal of lining,
ceiling/cabin sole, portable tanks and ballast, etc as required in order
that the Surveyor may be satisfied as to the condition of suspect areas of
the structure, see
Pt 1, Ch 4, 1.5 Definitions 1.5.3. A record is to be made of those areas
where lining, cabin sole etc. were opened out and where equipment was
removed during the survey. This record is to be retained for reference
during subsequent surveys.
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In addition to the requirements for
Special Survey I, the following are to be complied with:
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In addition to the requirements for
Special Survey II the following are to be complied with:
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| (1) The chain locker is
to be cleared and cleaned internally for examination of the structure and
examination of the cable securing arrangements. The chain cables/anchor
warps, as applicable, are to be ranged for inspection. The anchors are to be
cleaned and placed in an accessible position for inspection.
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(1) Linings, ceiling/cabin soles, etc.
are to be removed as required in order that the Surveyor may be satisfied as
to the condition of the structure.
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| For steel yachts:
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| (2) Portions of wood sheathing, or
other covering, on steel decks are to be removed, as considered necessary by
the Surveyor, in order to ascertain the condition of the plating.
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| (2) Machinery
compartments, fore and aft peaks and other spaces as directed by the
Surveyor, are to be cleared and cleaned as necessary, and the bilges and
limbers all fore and aft are to be cleaned and prepared for examination.
Platform plates in engine spaces are to be lifted as may be necessary for
the examination of the structure below. Where necessary, pipework may be
required to be removed for examination of the structure.
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(2) The rudder is to be unshipped for
examination of the rudder stock and trunk at the discretion of the
Surveyor.
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(3) Where spaces are insulated,
sufficient insulation is to be removed in each space to enable the Surveyors
to be satisfied with the condition of the structure.
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| For sailing or auxiliary
yachts:
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(4) Linings are to be
removed in way of shell plating immediately above tank top connections to
the side shell, in way of galleys/washrooms and beneath portlights and
windows.
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| (3) On yachts fitted
with an external ballast keel, fastenings are to be drawn for examination as
may be required by the Surveyor.
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| For sailing or auxiliary
yachts:
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| (3) In way of the single
and/or double bottom areas, a sufficient amount of cabin sole is to be
lifted to permit examination of the bilges and/or tanktops below.
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(4) On yachts fitted with a
centreplate or lifting keel, the pivot bolts and lifting arrangements are to
be dismantled for examination as required by the Surveyor.
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(5) On yachts fitted
with an external ballast keel, a minimum of 50% of the total number of
ballast keel fastenings are to be drawn for examination as required by the
Surveyor. If defects are found the remaining fastenings should be drawn for
examination.
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| For wood yachts:
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| (4) All integral tanks are to be
cleaned as necessary to permit examination. (For steel yachts see
Table 4.4.2 Tank internal examination
requirements for steel yachts).
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(5) Where the hull is sheathed with
metal, such sheathing as will permit an examination of the stem, wood keel,
garboards, plank ends and sternpost is to be removed as required by the
Surveyor.
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For wood yachts:
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(5) The masts and the sail/wind propulsion system are to be unshipped for
survey. The whole of the standing rigging, including rigging screws,
bolts, pins and fittings, is to be fully or partly disassembled as
considered necessary by the Surveyor.
Note This requirement may be waived at alternate Special Surveys or when
the construction does not allow disassembly, provided that the masts and
rigging are thoroughly examined in situ.
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(6) Fastenings are to be drawn as may
be required by the Surveyor.
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(6) Where iron or mild
steel fastenings are used, as a minimum requirement the following are to be
drawn for examination where applicable:
- 6 floor arm fastenings each
side.
- 4 hanging knee fastenings each
side.
- 4 chain plate fastenings each side at
each mast.
- 18 frame to plank fastenings each
side.
- 12 garboard and 12 plank end
fastenings each side.
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(7) The outside surface of the
planking is to be scraped bright at the discretion of the Surveyor.
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Note ‘unshipped’ means removed from its fixed or regular position and lay
down, providing access for Close-up Survey. ‘disassembled’ means to
dismantle and laying out all lines, tackles and other removable parts
to the extent necessary to establish the condition of the rigging
components.
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4.2.2 Where,
in accordance with Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation,
the yacht is opened out by removal of linings, cabin sole etc. and
defects are found, further opening out will be required in order that
the Surveyor can confirm the full extent of the defects.
4.3 Examination and testing - General
4.3.2 Double bottom compartments, peak tanks and all other integral tanks are to
be tested by a head sufficient to give the maximum pressure that can be experienced in
service. Tanks may be tested afloat provided that their internal examination is also
carried out afloat.
4.3.3 Where repairs are effected to the hull shell or bulkheads, any integral
tanks in way are to be tested to the Surveyor's satisfaction on completion of these
repairs.
4.3.4 All decks, casings and superstructures are to be examined.
4.3.6 Attention is to be given to the corners of openings and other
discontinuities in the hull structure.
4.3.7 The anchors are to be examined. If the chain cables are ranged they are to
be examined together with the chain locker, see
Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation. If any length of chain cable is found to be
reduced in mean diameter at its most worn part by 12 per cent or more from its nominal
diameter, it is to be renewed. The windlass is to be examined.
4.3.8 The Surveyor is to be satisfied that there are suitable towlines and mooring
ropes when these are a Rule requirement.
4.3.9 Rigs used for propulsion using wind force, associated structure and
equipment, where fitted, are to be examined, see
Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation.
This examination may be undertaken by a Surveyor and/or by a firm approved by LR.
4.3.10 Representative structural fastenings are to be tested to ascertain their
soundness and may require to be drawn for examination at the discretion of the
Surveyor.
4.3.13 Ship side valves (i.e. sea connections, scuppers and sanitary discharges)
are to be tested once reassembled.
4.3.14 At Special Survey III and subsequent special surveys, structural
downflooding ducts and structural ventilation ducts are to be internally examined.
4.4 Examination and testing - Additional items for steel yachts
4.4.1 All integral
tanks are generally to be internally examined. However, in certain
circumstances the internal examination of lubricating oil, fresh water
and fuel oil tanks may be waived. For the minimum extent of tank internal
examination see
Table 4.4.2 Tank internal examination
requirements for steel yachts.
Table 4.4.2 Tank internal examination
requirements for steel yachts
| Tank
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Special Survey I
(Yachts 5 years old)
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Special Survey II
(Yachts 10 years old)
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Special Survey III
(Yachts 15 years old)
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Special Survey IV
(Yachts 20 years old)
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All Subsequent Special
Surveys
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| Peaks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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| Salt water ballast
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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| Lubricating oil
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None
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None
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See Note 2
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See Note 3
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All tanks
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| Fresh water
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None
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See Note 1
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See Note 2
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See Note 3
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All tanks
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| Fuel oil
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None
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See Note 1
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See Note 2
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See Note 3
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All tanks
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| Sanitary
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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All tanks
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Note
1. Tanks (excluding peak tanks) used
exclusively for fuel oil or fresh water need not all be examined
internally provided that the Surveyor is satisfied with the condition,
after both external examination and testing and from an internal
examination of the after end of one forward double bottom tank, and of
one selected deep tank.
Note
2. Tanks (excluding peak tanks) used
exclusively for fuel oil, fuel oil and fresh water ballast, or
lubricating oil, need not all be examined internally provided that the
Surveyor is satisfied with the condition, after both external
examination and testing and from an internal examination of one double
bottom tank forward and one aft and one deep tank.
Note
3. Tanks (excluding peak tanks) used
exclusively for fuel oil, fuel oil and fresh water ballast, or
lubricating oil, need not all be examined internally provided that the
Surveyor is satisfied with the condition, after both external
examination and testing and from internal examination of a least one
double bottom tank amidships, one forward and one aft and one deep
tank.
Note
4. When examining tanks internally the
Surveyor is to verify that striking plates or other additional
reinforcement is fitted under sounding pipes. In the case of tanks
fitted only with remote gauging facilities, the satisfactory operation
of the gauges is to be confirmed.
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4.4.2 In salt
water ballast spaces, integral sanitary tanks and bilges, where the
protective coating is found to be other than in GOOD condition as
defined in Pt 1, Ch 4, 1.5 Definitions 1.5.6 and it has not
been repaired, maintenance of class will be subject to the spaces
in question being internally examined and gauged as necessary annually.
4.4.3 The protection
of steelwork, other than as referred to in Pt 1, Ch 4, 4.4 Examination and testing - Additional items for steel yachts 4.4.2 should be examined and made good where necessary on satisfactory
completion of the survey. In areas where the inner surface of the
bottom plating is covered with cement, asphalt or other composition,
the removal of this covering may be dispensed with, provided that
it is found sound and adhering satisfactorily to the steel.
4.4.4 Wood decks
or sheathing are to be examined and the caulking is to be tested and
recaulked as necessary. If decay or rot is found, or the wood is excessively
worn, the wood is to be renewed. When a wood deck, laid on stringers
and ties, has worn by 20 per cent or more in thickness, it is to be
renewed. Attention is to be given to the condition of the plating
under wood deck sheathing or other deck covering. If it is found that
such coverings are broken, or are not adhering closely to the plating,
sections are to be removed as necessary to ascertain the condition
of the plating, see also
Pt 1, Ch 4, 1.2 Surveys for damage or alterations 1.2.1.
4.4.5 The structure
in way of bimetallic connections e.g. to aluminium alloy deckhouses
is to be examined.
4.4.6 The Surveyors
may require to measure the thickness of the material in any portion
of the structure where signs of wastage are evident or wastage is
normally found. Any parts of the structure which are found defective
or excessively reduced in scantlings are to be made good by materials
of the approved scantlings and quality. The minimum requirements for
thickness measurements are given in Pt 1, Ch 4, 5 Special Survey - Thickness measurement requirements for steel yachts.
4.5 Examination and testing - Additional items for aluminium alloy
yachts
4.5.1 The structure
in way of any bimetallic connections is to be examined and the efficiency
of the insulation arrangements confirmed.
4.5.2 The Surveyor
may require to measure the thickness of the material in any portion
of the structure where signs of deterioration are evident or may normally
be found. Any parts of the structure which are found defective or
excessively reduced in scantlings are to be made good by materials
of the approved scantlings and quality.
4.6 Examination and testing - Additional items for composite yachts
4.6.1 The bonded
attachments of frames, floors, bulkheads, structural joinery, engine
bearers, sterntubes, rudder tubes, and integral tank boundaries are
to be examined.
4.6.2 The hull
to deck joint together with any joints between the deck and deckhouses
or superstructures are to be examined.
4.6.3 The structure
in way of the bolted attachment of fittings including guardrail stanchions,
windlass, shaft brackets, fendering, mooring bitts, mast steps, rigging
chainplates, etc. is to be examined.
4.7 Examination and testing - Additional items for wood yachts
4.7.1 Where hulls
are provided with metal sheathing, the condition of the structure
in way of any sheathing is to be confirmed. For the extent of removal
of metal sheathing see
Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation. The satisfactory adhesion of any glass/nylon reinforced
plastic sheathing is also to be confirmed.
4.7.2 Wood decks
or sheathing are to be examined and the caulking is to be tested and
re-caulked as necessary. If decay or rot is found or the wood has
worn by 20 per cent or more in thickness, the wood is to be renewed.
Attention is to be given to the condition of the structure under wood
decks, and to fabric deck coverings. If it is found that such coverings
are damaged or are not adhering closely to the deck, sections are
to be removed as necessary to ascertain the condition of the deck
under.
4.8 Examination and testing - Additional items for sailing and auxiliary
yachts
4.8.1 The mast(s),
mast steps, spars, standing and running rigging, rigging screws, chainplates
and sails are to be examined, see
Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation.
4.8.2 The structure
in way of the attachment of bilge or centreline ballast keels is to
be examined. Ballast keel bolts are to be tested to ascertain their
soundness and may require to be drawn for examination, see
Table 4.4.1 Survey preparation.
4.8.3 On yachts
fitted with a centreplate or lifting keel, the pivot bolt and lifting
arrangements are to be examined as far as is practicable.
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